1. System Analysis and Design:
Created By
AMJED KHAN BHATTI
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Sciences
Govt. PG College Rajouri

2. 1. SYSTEM 2. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 4. SYSTEM DESIGN 5
1. SYSTEM 2.SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS 4. SYSTEM DESIGN 5. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE(SDLC)

3. What is a System?
The word System is derived from Greek word Systema, which means an organized relationship between any set of components to achieve some common cause or objective.
A system is “an orderly grouping of interdependent components linked together according to a plan to achieve a specific goal.”
Constraints of a System
A system must have three basic constraints −
1. A system must have some structure and behavior which is designed to achieve a predefined objective.
2. Interconnectivity and interdependence must exist among the system components.
3.The objectives of the organization have a higher priority than the objectives of its subsystems.
For example, traffic management system, payroll system, automatic library system, human resources information system.

4. Systems development is systematic process which includes phases such as planning, analysis, design, deployment, and maintenance. So, we will primarily focus on −
Systems analysis
Systems design
Systems Analysis
It is a process of collecting and interpreting facts, identifying the problems, and decomposition of a system into its components.
System analysis is a problem solving technique that improves the system and ensures that all the components of the system work efficiently to accomplish their purpose.
Analysis specifies what the system should do.

5. System Analysis
Systems analysis defines the problems to be solved and provides the architecture of the proposed system. The terms analysis and synthesis come from Greek where they mean respectively "to take apart" and "to put together". Analysis is defined as the procedure by which we break down an intellectual or substantial whole into parts. Synthesis is defined as the procedure by which we combine separate elements or components in order to form a coherent whole.

6. Systems Design
It is a process of planning a new business system or replacing an existing system by defining its components or modules to satisfy the specific requirements. Before planning, you need to understand the old system thoroughly and determine how computers can best be used in order to operate efficiently.
System Design focuses on how to accomplish the objective of the system.
System Analysis and Design (SAD) mainly focuses on
Systems
Processes
Technology

7. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
The SDLC in system analysis and design aims to produce a high quality system that meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches completion within time and cost estimates, works effectively and efficiently in the current and planned Information Technology infrastructure, and is inexpensive to maintain and cost-effective to enhance.

8. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Requirement Gathering, System Analysis, Design, Coding, Testing, Maintenance and Documentation

9. Systems Development Life Cycle Phase 1. Planning
Review project requests
Prioritize project requests
Allocate resources
Identify project development team
Identifying business value
Analyze feasibility
Develop work plan
Staff the project
Control and direct project

10. Systems Development Life Cycle Phase 2. Analysis
Conduct preliminary investigation.
Determine exact nature of problem or improvement and whether it is worth pursuing.
Findings are presented in feasibility report (feasibility study)
Perform detailed analysis activities:
Study current system
Determine user requirements
Recommend solution
Analysis strategy
Gathering business requirements
Requirements definition
Process modeling
Data modeling

11. Systems Development Life Cycle Phase 3. Design
Assesses feasibility of each alternative solution
How system will be developed
Recommends the most feasible solution
Design selection
Architecture design
Interface design
Data storage design
Program design

12. Systems Development Life Cycle Phase 4. Implementation
Construction
Program building Develop programs
Install and test new system
Program and system testing
Installation
Conversion strategy
Training plan
Convert to new system
Support plan

13. Systems Development Life Cycle Phase 5. Support and Maintenance
Conduct post-implementation system review
Identify errors and enhancements
Monitor system performance

14. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Steps involved in Analysis and Design
Requirements Determinations
Requirements Specifications
Feasibility Analysis
Final Specifications
Hardware Study
System Design
System Implementation
System evaluation
System Modification

15. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 1 : Requirements Determination
Arrived at by a consensus among managers
Priorities among applications determined
Pick high priority applications.

16. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 2 : Requirements Specification
Known as System Requirements Specification (SRS)
Understand the existing System
Applications where a system is required are listed
Arrive at the specifications of the users’ Requirements
after discussions with the user
A system may encompass several applications

17. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 3 : Feasibility Analysis
Formulate Goals of the system and quantify goals
Find alternative methods of meeting the goals
  For each alternative assess resources needed
- Human Resources
- Time and Money
- Equipment needed
Assess cost of each alternative
Find the best alternative method subject to resource constraints

18. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 4 : Final Specifications
Specifications would state what the system would
achieve.
Specification drawn up are improved for
implementation.
SRS written- given to user and agreement
reached

19. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 5 : Hardware Study
Determine Hardware and Software required
to execute the application.
Determine Response time, Volume of data to
be processed, Frequency of reports etc & then
pick the hardware.

20. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 6 : System Design
Logical Design of the System
Objects Identified
Database Designed
Program Specification drawn up
Implementation Plan Drawn up
Test Plan

21. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 7 : System Implementation
Write Programs
Create Database
Document System
Train Users
Trial run of the system
Test and Accept

22. Step 8 : System evaluation
LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 8 : System evaluation
Find out from Users whether the System
meets specified requirements.
List areas of dissatisfaction and find reasons
Suggest if there has to be any improvements to
the system

23. LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Step 9 : System Modification
Fix errors
Add/Delete features as required by users
Tune the System
Continuously monitor system and assess
performance

24. System Life Cycle Diagram
Revised Prioritized
Requirements Specifications
User
Requirements
Requirements
Determination
Requirements
Specification
Feasibility
Analysis
Decision to
Design Information
System
Test Plan
Feasibility
Study
Logical
Design
Functional
Specifications
System
Implementation
System
Design
System
Specification
Analysis
System
Physical
Requirements
Configuration
Data
System
Evaluation
Hardware
Study
Budget & schedule
Revised
Requirements
System
Maintenance
Improved System

25. THANKS