1. Material check See blue syllabus for ALL materials needed out on desk.
PRINT name on blue signature page so legible and submit to back
Also- turn in final essay from weekend

2. Elements of Short Story
English 1H
Elements of Short Story
Cornell Notes!!!!

3. Two types: novels and short stories
Fiction
Two types: novels and short stories

4. series of related events, each event connected
definition of PLOT:
series of related events,
each event connected
to the next, like links in a chain.

5. 5 elements of plot...
Plot triangle or slope

6. 2. rising action (inciting incident) 3. climax 4. falling action
1. exposition
2. rising action (inciting incident)
3. climax
4. falling action
5. Resolution (denouement)

7. 3)introduces the basic situation in which the characters are involved.
Exposition
1)Presents characters
2)setting
3)introduces the basic situation in which the characters are involved.

8. Rising Action
Complications develop, conflicts (inciting incident) emerge, suspense builds, and crisis occur.

9. Conflict (still Rising Action) 2 main types:
1. External conflict: takes place between a character and another person or between a character and something non-human.
2. Internal conflict: takes place inside a character’s mind.

10. (still Rising Action)
2 types of characters:
1. Protagonist
Dynamic or static
Main or minor
2. Antagonist

11. Characterization Physical description
Character’s own speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions.
Speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions of OTHER characters provide another means of developing a character.
Narrator’s own direct comments also serve to develop a character.

12. the person who drives the action, who has the want, who takes the step
Protagonist-
the person who drives the action, who
has the want, who takes the step
to get what she/he wants.
"the good guy"

13. the person who is in the way of the protagonist getting
Antagonist-
the person who is in the way
of the protagonist getting
what he/she wants.
"the bad guy"

14. Climax
Rising action culminates into a climax at the most suspenseful moment. This is the key scene of the story when our emotional involvement is the greatest. Most unexpected!!!!!

15. Falling Action
The intensity from the climax subsides, eventually winding down. Conflicts are resolved!

16. Resolution (denouement)
This is always at the end of the story (sometimes only a paragraph). Struggles are all over and we know the outcome of the conflicts. The resolution “closes” the story.

17. As readers, we make meaning
As readers, we make meaning. What a story means to us depends on who we are. Because you and I have had different experiences, lived in different places, known different people, we will see things differently. The meaning each of us creates from a text is therefore going to be our own.

18. What happens when we read?
6 things...
Don’t need to copy

19. 1. We connect with the text.
“This reminds me of my sister.”
“I had an experience like this.”

20. 2. We ask questions.
We ask about situations or statements that puzzle us. We ask about motives. We try to figure out the meanings of unfamiliar words.

21. 3. We make predictions
We wonder, “Is this what is going to happen next?”
We test our predictions against the text.

22. 4. We interpret
We decide what the story means as a whole and how its parts work together.

23. 5. We extend the text.
We reflect on the meaning of the text and think about its larger significance. We think about how the text can extend to some universal aspect of human life.

24. 6. We challenge the text. We might say,
“This couldn’t possibly happen in real life.”
“This character seems too good.”
“I wish the story had a different ending.”

25. Point of View:
Who is talking?
Continue notes

26. Every story has a voice- a narrator whose view is one we share.
3 points of view:

27. 1. Third person Omniscient
Omniscient means “All Knowing”. This narrator is not a character in the story and never refers to him/herself with the first person pronoun “I”.
This narrator tells us everything about every character.

28. 2. First-person
One of the characters in a story talks to us, using “I”. We can know only what this person sees and hears about events and about other characters.

29. What we know about other characters is limited.
3. Third-person limited
The storyteller zooms in on just one character. We witness the events of a story just as this one character witnesses them.
What we know about other characters is limited.

30. What often makes us remember a story is the idea on which it’s built
The central idea of a
story is its theme.

31. The theme is usually not directly in the story. It is something
we as a reader need
to draw upon. It is the “lesson learned”

32. Situational Verbal Dramatic Irony
Note: For EACH short story we study we will focus on:
Plot, vocabulary, author information and figurative language.

33. SS terms
Allusion- reference of any literary, historical or mythological person, place or thing
Analogy- a comparison between two things, for the purpose of explanation or clarification
Dialect-speech of a particular region or group different from those of a real standard
Dialogue- Conversation between characters
Flashback- scene that interrupts the action of a word to show previous events
Foreshadowing- use of hints or clues to suggest future action
Imagery- words appealing to the senses

34. SS terms (cont’d)
Metaphor- comparison of two unlike things not using like or as
Mood- emotional atmosphere in literature
Personification- kind of metaphor that gives inanimate objects human characteristics
Satire- the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize politics and other topical issues
Simile- comparison of two things using like or as
Tone- writer’s attitude toward the literature
Word choice- author’s careful choice of words including meaning

35. Homework for Monday and Tuesday is to study!
Quiz is Wednesday
NO NOTES can be used. Most of these terms are REVIEW, make sure and highlight the terms that AREN’T, so you know what to specifically spend more time on.
Quiz is 36 questions, multiple choice

36. TEST is 9/23
Will be able to use ALL notes taken on the test. Be diligent with your notes, assignments. If you get a wrong answer, edit/fix it so on the test you can answer questions accurately!
Note: An organized spiral notebook would be great to keep all notes together.

37. Unfortunately, we are all done!
Note taking is fun
isn't it?
Unfortunately, we are all done!
Quiz next week
on Elements of Short Story
You need to study notes

38. Personal Narrative – one significant event
Sensory imagery
DETAIL!!!!!!!!!!
Snap shot moment
No contractions
First person present tense