1. D.K. GOVT. COLLEGE FOR WOMEN(A) NELLORE
RIGHTS AND CITIZENSHIP BY
Sri. K.MALAKONDAIAH M.A; M.Ed.,
Lecturer in Political Science.
I Year SEMESTER I – PAPER - I

2. INTRODUCTION :-
Citizenship comes from the Latin word city , because in the earlier days of human governments ,people identified themselves as belong to cities more than countries. Citizenship is more than merely living somewhere. If you have a citizenship you have a whole set of rights that non- citizens might not have.

3. Definitions
The status of being a citizen ,along with the rights ,duties and privileges of being a citizen is called Citizenship.

4. Meaning :-
Citizenship is the status of a person recognized under the custom or law as being a legal number of a sovereign state.

5. Determining factors of a Citizen :-
Each country has its own policies , regulations and criteria as to who is entitled to its citizenship . Usually citizenship based on the place of birth is automatic , in other cases an application may be required.
Parents are Citizens :-
If one or both of a person’s parents are citizens of a given state , then the person may have the right to be a citizen of that state as well. Formerly this might only have applied through the paternal line , but sex equally became common since the late 20th centaury.

6. 2. Born with in a Country :-
Some people are automatically citizens of the state in which they are born. This form of citizenship originated in England were those who are born within the realm were subjects of the monarch, and is common in common law countries.
Marriage to a Citizen :-
Many countries fast – track naturalization based on he marriage of a person to a citizen. Countries which are destinations for such immigration often have regulations to try to detect sham marriages, where a citizen marries a non- citizen typically for payment, without them having the intention of living together.

7. 4. Naturalization :-
States normally grant citizenship to people who have entered the country legally and been granted permit to stay ,been granted political asylum , and also lived there for a specific period.

8. Human Rights definition :-
Human rights are based on the principles of respect for the individual. Their fundamental assumption is that each person is a moral and rational being who deserves to be treated with dignity . They are called human rights because they are universal.

9. Brief history of human rights :-
The Cyrus Cylinder (539 B.C) : In 539 B.C , the armies of Cyrus the great ,the first king of ancient Persia ,conquered the city of Babylon. But it was his next actions that marked a major advance for man.
He freed the slaves, declared that all people had the right to choose their own religion and established racial equality.
These and other decrees were recorded on a backed clay – cylinder in the akkadian language with cuniform script.

10. THANK YOU