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Biographical and Literary Context

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1 Biographical and Literary Context
Mary Shelley Biographical and Literary Context

2 Mary Shelley

3 William Godwin Radical political thinker and philosopher

4 Mary Wolstoncraft Dies 10 days after giving birth to Mary

5 Childhood William Godwin remarries (his neighbour) when Mary is aged 4
Becomes close to step-sister Claire Claremont Educated at home by her father Unusually liberal and advanced education Godwin runs unsuccessful publishing business Lots of radical, intellectual visitors

6 Percy BysShe Shelley

7 Percy Bysshe Shelley 1812 first meeting when Mary is 15 and Shelley is 20 Aristocratic background, politically radical, estranged from wife and family Shelly befriends Godwin and helps with debts. 17 year old Mary and Clare run away with Shelley to France. Disowned by father.

8 Return to England Feb 1815 premature baby girl born - dies 2 weeks later  depression Jan 1816 baby son William born

9 June 1816 – staying near Lake Geneva

10 Lord Byron

11 Composition of Frankenstein 1816
Staying on shores of Lake Geneva near Lord Byron Famous ghost story “competition” writes first version of “Frankenstein” Mary Shelley’s own account of this is given on p. 2-5 of book in the Author’s Introduction (written 15 years later)

12 Influences Romantic ideas esp. re. Nature and the Sublime
Reaction against Enlightenment ideas Scientific ideas of Darwin and Galvinism Own experiences of birth and death

13 1816 – back in England Claire pregnant by Byron
Mary’s half-sister (Fanny Imlay) commits suicide Shelley’s wife commits suicide – leaving 2 young children Mary and Shelley marry

14 1817 Baby daughter Clara born Ill- health and debts
Shelley family go to Italy with Claire and baby Allegra

15 1818 Frankenstein published Travelling in Italy – seeing Byron again
Sept – Clara dies aged 1

16 Last Years with Shelley
1819 – William dies aged 3 Depression and increasing rift with Shelley 1819 Percy Florence born  1822 near fatal miscarriage one month later Shelley drowns in boating accident

17 Final Years Returns to England.
Life of financial hardship. Tries to make living by writing. Eventually reconciled with father. Surviving son, Percy, inherits family property and title. Dies 1851

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