1. The treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome: A comparison of different operations 
Richard J. Sanders, MD 1, William H. Pearce, MD 2 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages (December 1989)
DOI: / (89)
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1A
and B. Sections of normal (A) and TOS (B) scalene muscle fixed by immediate freezing and stained with ATPase, pH 9.4. The dark staining cells are type II or fast twitch fibers. The light staining cells are type I or slow twitch fibers. Note that in the normal muscle there are equal numbers of type I and II fibers and the type II fibers are the same size as type I fibers. TOS patients exhibit a significant increase in connective tissue around each cell as well as type I fiber predominance and type II fiber atrophy.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (89) )
Copyright © 1989 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions