1. Suppl. Fig. S1. Various kinds of natural plant extracts and monosaccharides increase B antigen expression in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes
240
140
100
(kDa)
α-tubulin
B antigen
GlcNAc (μM)
GalNAc (μM)
Fucose (μM)
Galactose (μM)
Glucose (μM)
Cynara scolymus (Artichoke) leaf extract (μg/ml)
Selaginella tamariscina extract (μg/ml)
Ginkgo biloba
leaf extract
(μg/ml)
Polygonum cuspidatum root extract (%)
Camellia sinensis (Green tea) leaf extract (%)

2. Suppl. Fig. S1. Various kinds of natural plant extracts and monosaccharides increase B antigen expression in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes HaCaT keratinocytes were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, WelGENE, Daegu, Korea) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) at a humidified incubator with the condition of 37°C and 5% CO2. For treatment with materials, HaCaT cells were grown up to >80% confluence, serum-starved for 24 h with 0% FBS-containing DMEM, and then the cells were treated with the materials with indicated doses in 0% FBS-containing DMEM for 24 hr (monosaccharides) or 48 hr (natural plant extracts). For the Western blot analysis for B antigen, HaCaT cells were lysed with equal volume of 1x SDS sample buffer containing 62.5 mM Tris-HCl [pH 6.8], 2% SDS, 0.002% Bromophenol Blue, 5% β-mercaptoethanol, 10% glycerol, supplemented with protease inhibitor cocktail (complete mini, Roche, Basel, Switzerland). Equal volume of cell lysates were separated by 8% SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (GE healthcare, Piscataway, NJ), and analyzed for B antigen expression by Western blotting using mouse monoclonal anti-B antigen IgM, and the level of α-tubulin was also determined using mouse monoclonal anti- α-tubulin IgG, as an endogenous control. The data shown are representative of four independent experiments.

3. Suppl. Fig. S2. Increasing tendencies of epidermal ABH antigen expression by one-time topical application with TYPE I and II.
Vehicle
TYPE I
TYPE II
B antigen F/44 (B1)
B antigen F/45 (B2)
A antigen F/48 (A1)
A antigen F/48 (A2)
H2 antigen F/57 (O1)
H2 antigen F/53 (O2)
100 μm

4. Suppl. Fig. S2. Increasing tendencies of epidermal ABH antigen expression by one-time topical application with TYPE I and II. Topically applied human buttock skin tissues from 6 Korean women (44-57 yr, 49.2 ± 5.0 yr) with each composition or vehicle cream were biopsied at 48 hr after application, and the immunohistochemistry was performed with their frozen sections, using primary antibodies for A, B, or H2 antigen (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA). The degree of immunostaining intensity was ranked using a 5-point scale, from 0 (unstained) to 4 (very intensively stained) by 3 independent dermatologists, and all values were presented as mean of semi-quantitative visual grading results (upper panel). One representative immunohistochemistry data was also shown (lower panel). A1 and A2; individuals with A blood type, B1 and B2; individuals with B blood type , O1 and O2; individuals with O blood type. One-time application with composition Type I increased A and B antigen expressions in buttock skin tissues of 2 A and 2 B blood type individuals at 48 h after application, but not H2 antigen expression of 2 O blood type individuals. One-time application with composition Type II increased A, B, and H2 antigen expressions in buttock skin tissues of 2 A, 2 B, and 2 O blood type individuals at 48 h after application.