1. 5.5: Classification

2. 5.5.1: Binomial system of nomenclature
The scientific name of a species consists of two words; both words are italicized but only the first word is capitalized. For example Homo sapiens, the scientific name for humans, indicates that humans are one kind of ape in the genus Homo.
Benefits of the binomial nomenclature system include: 1) It is much easier to identify a species with this system. 2) Information about a species can be obtained easily online with just two words. 3) It’s obvious if two species are members of the same genus. 4) All countries use the same name, avoiding difficulties of translation. 5) Scientific names remain the same through time (unless there is a compelling reason to change it).

3. Outline the use of the binomial system of nomenclature in Campanula persicifolia.
[2] N10/4/BIOLO/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX
first name/Campanula for genus / second name/persicifolia for species;
(all) members of Campanula persicifolia share special/unique features;
two names make a unique combination to designate species / worldwide
recognized nomenclature;

4. Kingdom Keep Phylum Poor Class Charlie Order Out Family From
5.5.2: Heirachy of taxa
There are 7 levels in the hierarchy of taxa:
Kingdom Keep
Phylum Poor
Class Charlie
Order Out
Family From
Genus and Girls
Species Schools

5. M08/4/BIOLO/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX+ Living organisms are classified according to their characteristics using a hierarchy of taxa. State the missing taxa in the table below.

6. A Phylum is a member of a Kingdom
A Class is a member of a Phylum
An Order is a member of a Class
A Family is a member of an Order
A genus is a member of a Family
A species is a member of a Genus

7. Common name: the ginkgo tree Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Ginkgophyta
Class Ginkgopsida
Order Ginkgoales
Family Ginkgoaceae
Genus Ginkgo
Species Ginkgo biloba
Common name: human ape Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Order Primates
Family Homonidae
Genus Homo
Species Homo sapiens

8. 5.5.3: Plant phyla
Bryophyta
Filicinophyta

9. 5.3.3: Plant Phyla
Coniferophyta
Angiospermophyta

10. Plant Phyla
Roots
Stems
Leaves
Reproductive parts
Angiospermophyta (flowering plants)
True roots that can be wide-spreading
Stems have support tissue and can therefore grow very tall.
Vast diversity of leaf shapes.
Produce flowers. Seeds not in cones.
Coniferophyta (conifers)
True roots that grow deep.
Stems have support tissue and can therefore grow very tall
Water-conserving leaves (needle-shaped,thick waxy cuticle, few stomata)
Do not produce flowers. Seeds protected in cones.
Filicinophyta (ferns)
True roots present but simple.
Short stems that grow at, or just under, the ground surface.
Leaves have numerous subdivisions and sporangia underneath.
Do not produce seeds Do not produce flowers. Produce spores.
Bryophyta (mosses)
Lacking true roots; have rhizoids instead
Lacking stems
Lacking leaves

11. Plants are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms
Plants are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms. Describe the different characteristics
of the bryophyta, filicinophyta, coniferophyta and angiospermophyta. [9] M10/4/BIOLO/SP2/ENG/TZ1/XX

12. At least one characteristic from each group is needed for maximum credit.
bryophyta have no roots / only have rhizoids;
bryophyta have simple leaves/stems / only a thallus;
bryophyta produce spores in capsule;
byrophyta are nonvascular;
bryophyte exhibit (pronounced) alternation of generations / a significant gametophyte generation;
filicinophyta have roots, stems and leaves;
filicinophyta (often) have divided/pinnate leaves;
filicinophyta produce spores in sporangia/spores on the undersides of leaves;
filicinophyta exhibit alternation of generations;
filicinophyta have primitive vascular tissue / no true xylem and phloem;
coniferophyta have woody stems;
coniferophyta (often) have narrow leaves/needles/scales;
coniferophyta produce seeds in cones/unenclosed seeds;
angiospermophyta have flowers;
angiospermophyta have ovules in ovaries;
angiospermophyta produce seeds (with hard coats) in fruits; [9 max]

13. Using simple external recognition features, distinguish between the plant phyla
bryophyta and angiospermophyta. [4] M10/4/BIOLO/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX+

14. 5.5.4: Animal phyla
Porifera
Cnidaria

15. 5.5.4: Animal phyla
Platyhelminthes
Annelida

16. 5.5.4: Animal phyla
Mollusca
Arthropoda

17. Platyhelminthes (flatworms/tapeworms) Bilateral Hydrostatic
Animal Phyla
Symmetry
Support structures
Mouth
Anus
Additional
Porifer
(sponges)
Asymetrical
Spicules
lacking
Pores cover surface
Cnidaria
(jellyfish, corals)
Radial
Hydrostatic or CaCO3
present
Tentacles
Platyhelminthes (flatworms/tapeworms)
Bilateral
Hydrostatic
Flat bodies/ no appendages
Annelida
(leeches, worms)
Ring-shaped segments
Mollusca
(snails, squid, octopus)
Radula
Arthropoda (insects, spiders, crustaceans)
Exoskeleton made of chitin
Segmented bodies/ jointed appendages

19. 5.5.5: Dichotomous Key

21. N05/4/BIOLO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX