1. Chapter 8.1 Royal Power Grows
Medieval monarchs struggled for power w/ nobles and churchmen.
They slowly built the framework for the nation-states of today

2. Objective To learn about:
Monarchs (Kings) gain power from Nobles and the church
England becomes powerful, FR too
English King has to share power w/ nobles—Magna Carta (1215)

3. This is important b/c…..
The US legal system has many of the components of these early European systems:
Habeas corpus, due process of law
Congress
Juries, Grand Juries
Limited authority of govt. officials

4. Ch. 8 vocab
King John 1 King Louis IX 1 Lay investiture 2 Frederick Barbarossa 2 Reconquista 3 crusades 3 Scholasticism 4 Illumination 4 Vernacular 4 Epidemic 5

5. Essential Q: how do Monarchs gain power from nobles and the Church?
What we’ll learn
Why?
Monarchs (Kings) gain power from Nobles and the church
England becomes powerful, FR too
English King has to share power w/ nobles
Where did countries come from?
Why didn’t monarchs have unlimited power?
Essential Q: how do Monarchs gain
power from nobles and the Church?

6. FQ #1 Nov. 28 Tell me about the Magna Carta Who signed it? When?
Why did he sign it?
What did it signify?

7.
Magna Carta
Good short video. 3:30 min
See teacher tube video—from AIHE—titled Magna Carta, 6 min.
13 min.

8. FQ Nov. 29: What’s your “currency?”
What skills and abilities are required for you to be successful? There are many.
Think of the skills needed in a career, in society, in your family, in a relationship…
What are some actions/activities that make some popular in high school that will not contribute to your success as an adult?

9. Mine include: patience, knowledge, mental toughness, self-control, fitness, high energy, sense of humor, etc.

10. Focus Q:
How much time do you spend thinking about conflict? How’s this make you feel?
Does thinking about conflict impact you positively or negatively?
How does this impact your thoughts?
How does this impact your actions?
If you could, would you think about conflict less?

11. Focus Q: Oct. 18 Do you spend a lot of time worrying?
What do you worry about?
Does worrying solve anything?
What could you have been doing instead of worrying?

12. The Rise of European
Monarchies:
England
What’s a
Monarch?

13. Monarchs, Nobles, and the Church
In the early middle ages, monarchs are at the top of society, but had limited power.
Sometimes nobles or the church had more power
Nobles and the church:
Have armies, collect taxes, have their own courts—much conflict, chaos

14. Monarchs, Nobles, and the Church
Monarchs get more power by:
Set up royal courts
Organize govt. bureaucracies
Develop tax systems
Build armies
***Strengthen ties w/ townspeople of the middle class—who support rulers who imposed peace needed for successful trade***

15. English Kings Strengthen Their Power
In the 400s and 500s, Anglo-Saxons conquer most of the area of Britain
1066, rule is contested—Harold vs. William (the Conqueror), Duke of Normandy
William the Conqueror wins at the Battle of Hastings (1066)—birth of Eng.

16. William the Conqueror expands power
Kept much land for himself—granted some fiefs to the church, nobles
***W the C Required each vassal to swear allegiance to him***
—census taken—published in Domesday Book
Helped him develop tax system and later a royal treasury (exchequer)

17. William the Conqueror

18. Why did ties between rulers (kings) and the middle class get stronger?
Review Q
Why did ties between rulers (kings) and the middle class get stronger?

19. I thought they were funny…..Yogi Berra quotes
Baseball is 90% mental, the other half is physical.
Always go to other peoples funerals, otherwise they won’t go to yours.
We made too many wrong mistakes.
You better cut the pizza into 4 pieces, because I’m not hungry enough to eat 6.

20. ***English common law applied to all of England***
Henry II expands power
1154, begins expanding customs into laws
Decisions of royal courts became foundation of English common law—legal system based on custom and court rulings
***English common law applied to all of England***
People began to bring grievances to royal courts rather than nobles or church courts
Also began an early jury system—like a grand jury

21. Any idea how English common law and our legal system differ?
English common law—legal system based on custom and court rulings
Much is not written down

22. Henry II has conflict w/ the Church
***Henry II has conflict w/ the Church b/c Henry claimed the right to try clergy in royal courts***
Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Beckett, vehemently opposed this
Beckett is murdered, later sainted

23. Henry II of England

24. Evolving Traditions of Govt.
English rulers cont. to have trouble w/ nobles and the Church when they tried to raise taxes or impose their will on those traditional medieval authorities.
King John of England makes a historic decision………………

25. King John makes enemies…..
1205, loses a war to Philip II of France and loses part of Anjou and Normandy
Battles Pope Innocent III over who the next Archbishop of Canterbury would be
Innocent placed the interdict (no church services) on England
John had to accept England as a fief of pope and pay yearly to Rome

26. King John and the Magna Carta
, the Great Charter—63 articles
***His nobles are mad at high taxes and other abuses of power***
Forced to sign the M.C. at Runnymeade
King gives up some of his power

27. Nobles have certain rights (similar to Bill of Rights?)
Magna Carta
Nobles have certain rights (similar to Bill of Rights?)
Monarchs must obey the law
No new taxes w/o consulting the Great Council (later Parliament)
American colonists would claim this meant no taxation w/o representation

28. Magna Carta Freemen protected from arbitrary arrest, imprisonment
Basis of due process of law
Monarch is not above the law
Basis for habeas corpus—can’t be imprisoned unless charged w/ a crime

29. Development of Parliament
Great Council develops into Parliament—England’s legislature
***Edward I approves a 2-house body— including representatives common people***
Over time get the “power of the purse”—right to approve any new taxes—is a check on the power of the monarch
Similar political body in the U.S.?

30. The Rise of European
Monarchies:
France

31. Louis IX of France Very religious, sainted 30 yrs. after death
Persecuted Jews, led Knights on 2 Crusades against Muslims Improved royal govt
Sent officials to check on local administrators
Expanded royal courts, outlawed private wars
Ended serfdom in his personal domain

32. 1305 French pope elected, Clement V
Clashing w/ the Pope
Philip IV (FR) tried to tax the clergy
Pope Boniface VIII forbade it
Philip sends troops to seize the pope, who escaped, but died soon afterward
1305 French pope elected, Clement V
1309, moved papal court to Avignon, where FR rulers could better control it

33. Paris

34. Pope’s Palace
Avignon

35. ***Power of the papacy is declining***
Clashing w/ the Pope
Causes a crisis in the church
Another pope elected in Rome, as a result……
***Power of the papacy is declining***

36. 8.1 Creative side: What was the essential idea?
Give 2 examples of how Monarchs gained power from nobles and the church.
Give 1 example of limitations on the power of Monarchs.
Draw 1 picture w/ a caption of one of the above ideas.