1. Xingwen Yu, Arumugam Manthiram
Sodium-Sulfur Batteries with a Polymer-Coated NASICON-type Sodium-Ion Solid Electrolyte 
Xingwen Yu, Arumugam Manthiram 
Matter 
DOI: /j.matt
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3. Figure 1
Characterization of the Na3Zr2Si2PO12 Solid Electrolyte and the PIN Polymer
(A) Illustration of the NASICON structure of Na3Zr2Si2PO12 material.
(B) XRD pattern of the Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane (top) and the reference pattern of the Na3Zr2Si2PO12 compound (bottom).
(C) SEM image of the Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane.
(D) Molecular structure of a PIN.
(E) 1H-NMR spectrum of the PIN polymer. The labels correspond to the polymer structure in (D).
(F) FTIR spectrum of the PIN material.
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4. Figure 2 Characterization of the PIN-Coated Na3Zr2Si2PO12 Membrane
(A) XRD pattern of the PIN material (top) and a PIN-coated Na3Zr2Si2PO12 pellet (bottom).
(B) SEM image of the surface of a PIN-coated Na3Zr2Si2PO12 pellet.
(C) SEM image of the cross-section of a PIN-coated Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane.
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5. Figure 3
Electrochemical Performances of the Na ǁ Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S and the Na ǁ PIN-Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S Cells
(A) Charge-discharge profile of a Na ǁ Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S cell at the first few cycles.
(B) Charge-discharge profile of a Na ǁ PIN-Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S cell at the first few cycles.
(C) CV curves of a Na ǁ PIN-Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S cell at a scan rate of 0.1 mV s−1.
(D) Charge-discharge curves of Na ǁ PIN-Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S cells at various C rates.
(E) Specific discharge capacities and Coulombic efficiencies versus cycling number of a Na ǁ PIN-Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S cell and a Na ǁ Celgard ǁ CNF/S cell at a cycling rate of C/5.
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6. Figure 4
XPS Regional Spectra of Fresh (Top) and Cycled (Bottom) Na3Zr2Si2PO12 Membranes
The cycled membrane was taken from a Na ǁ PIN-Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ǁ CNF/S cell after 100 cycles. (A) Zr 3d spectrum, (B) Si 2p spectrum, (C) P 2p spectrum.
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7. Figure 5 Characterization of the Cycled Na3Zr2Si2PO12 Membrane
(A) XPS survey spectrum of the cycled Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane.
(B) XPS S 2p spectrum of the cycled Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane.
(C) EDS spectrum of the cycled Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane.
(D) SEM image of the cycled Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane.
(E–I) Elemental mappings obtained with EDS of the cycled Na3Zr2Si2PO12 membrane in the area of (D). (E) Na, (F) Zr, (G) Si, (H) P, (I) S.
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