1. Germany surrenders…what is the appropriate punishment?
Treaty of Versailles, 1919
Germany surrenders…what is the appropriate punishment?

2. Soldiers returning

3. Some WWI Statistics WWI left Europe devastated
Britain:750,000 killed, 1.5 million wounded
France:1.4 million killed, 2.5 million wounded
Belgium:50,000 killed
Italy: 600,000 killed
Russia: 1.7 million killed
USA: 116,000 killed
Germany: 2 million soldiers killed
Austria-Hungary: 1.2 million killed
Turkey: 325,000 killed
Bulgaria 100,000 killed
Total deaths equals 8.5 million, 21 million wounded

8. Attitudes towards Germany
Britain: Germany should be punished but not push them towards Communism France: Bring Germany to its knees = can’t start war again US: Make Germany pay as a move towards reconciliation and not towards revenge, appalled at atrocities, public wanted US to have little input

9. David Lloyd-George (Britain); Orlando (Italy); Georges Clemenceau (France); Woodrow Wilson (US)

10. Categories of the Treaty
Military
Economic
Moral
Territory
The Terms

11. Military Battleships = 10,000 tons or less Only 100,000 men No U-boats
No modern air force
No tanks or other modern weapons

12. Territory Transfer Denmark & Belgium Most to Poland Lost Asian ports
African colonies (some)
Demilitarized
Rhineland

13. Economic War Reparations Human Life Environmental Damage
132 billion gold Marks
(US $33 billion)

14. Moral
War Guilt Clause
Germany must accept blame for starting WWI

15. Europe is Redrawn

16. Vengeance! German Nation
Today in the Hall of Mirrors of Versailles the disgraceful Treaty is being signed. Do not forget it! The German people will with unceasing labour press forward to reconquer the place among nations to which it is entitled. Then will come the vengeance for the shame of 1919.
From the ‘Deutsche Zeitung’ [‘The German Express’] newspaper.

17. Only fools, liars and criminals could hope for mercy from the enemy
Only fools, liars and criminals could hope for mercy from the enemy. In these nights hatred grew in me, hatred for those responsible for the dead.
By Adolf Hitler, who had served in the army and became a future leader of Germany