1. What was “Gender Neutrality?” Was this a legitimate theory to explore?
2. Which factors contributed to the decision to raise Bruce as “Brenda?” Which factors had the most influence?
3. Even if “Brenda” accepted her new identity, what kind of social/emotional/physical issues would she potentially face as she grew older?
4. Should Dr. Money be held responsible for the death of David or his brother? Justify.
5. Would you have responded the same way “Brenda” did when her father explained that she was born a healthy boy? Explain.

2. Nature of Gender Gender is influenced biologically
Sex Chromosomes
Sex Hormones
Genes activate your sex at about 7 weeks
Y chromosome throws a master switch triggering testes to develop
Hormones bathe the brain at about 4-5 months

24. Nurture
Gender Roles
Set of expectations
As society assigns us a gender (social category) it leads to a strong gender identity
Inner sense of being either male or female

25. Social Learning Theory
Children are more likely to imitate models who are important to them e.g: (parents, older siblings)
Observing behavior of people such as parents and teachers e.g (washing dishes).
Observing the consequences of same sex behaviors (rewarded or punished)

26. Gender Schema Theory Schema’s are based on life experiences
Children learn from their culture what it means to be male/female
Children adjust their own behavior according
To gender norms/expectations
Internalized gender lens influences their self identity
David G. Myers writes that "one's concept of maleness and femaleness influences one's perceptions and behavior"

27. GENDER AND SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS
Mistake to believe that men and women differ in their friendship needs
Everyone has a need to feel connected, supported, cared for
How men and women get these needs met is different
"Friendship is unnecessary, like philosophy, like art... It has no survival value; rather is one of those things that give value to survival." - C. S. Lewis 27

28. MEN AND FRIENDSHIPS Men tend to share activities and interests
Begin talking about external matters
Sports, work, politics, cars
Less likely to talk about weakness and problems
If they are brought up, men expect practical advice not sympathy 28

29. WOMEN AND FRIENDSHIPS More intimate and emotional
Share secrets more than men
Quicker to engage in “self-disclosing” talk
Difficulties with health, romances, relatives
Expect a sympathetic and attentive ear
More physical touch than men 29

30. Lawrence Kohlberg Moral Development
Moral action is guided by inner conscience
I will do (or wont do) what I am supposed to do because I think ( or don’t think) it is the right thing to do.
Follow the rules or laws
Do what is expected
Conformity
Gain approval, avoid disapproval
Self Interest
Gain reward
Avoid punishment

31. Problems with Kolhberg’s theory
Cultural Bias-
Western countries seem to progress to the Post Conventional level of reasoning more than Eastern.
Sampling-
Only white middle class boys interviewed. Not a good basis for universal concept.
Stages-
Need to progress without skipping/ regressing.
Evidence to suggest we move up and down at different points in our lives.