1. Development of Integrated Approach for Poultry Waste Management in Bangladesh: The Potential Socio-economic and Environmental Benefits of Introducing Geo-spatial Analysis
Zinat Mahal Student ID
Supervisor: Prof. Helmut Yabar

2. Content of the Presentation
Background
Literature Review
Methodology
Results
Future Works

3. Background
Bangladesh is an agricultural country and poultry is an important sector.
Now-a-days commercial poultry industry is growing very rapidly.
It provides meat and egg to ensure food security and also generate employment.
Commercial Poultry Farm
Meat production
tonnes per year
Grand Parent Stock farms 8
Egg production
tonnes per year
Parent Stock farms
205
Employment
7 million people
Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)

4. Background Trend of Poultry production in Bangladesh
320.63
329.25
350.00
300.00
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
278.81
288.57
296.26
270.71
220.73
No. of Poultry (in million)
Poultry reared in 3 types of farms:
2014
2015
2016
2017
12.89%
7.73%
Small farm Medium Farm Large Farm
Types of farms
Number of birds
Small farm
Medium farm
Large farm
4001-above
Non Farm Sources
51.95%
27.43%
Source: BBS

5. Background Distribution of commercial poultry by divisions
5.40% 4.60%
7.70%
9.40%
Barisal Chittagong Dhaka Khulna Rajshahi Sylhet
19.60%
53.30%
Source: Animal production and health division, FAO
“Commercial poultry production in Bangladesh” By Khan Shahidul Huque et all.

6. Background Poultry Waste
Poultry waste includes litter, manure, feather, hatchery wastes, entrails and organs of slaughtered birds, processing waste water and blood, dead birds and other debris normally generated in the poultry farms.
Many farms discharge wastes to our surroundings and nearby water sources.
Lack of poultry processing plant, poultry is slaughtered in open space of market.
Generally current poultry waste management situation has negative effects on environment

7. Literature Review Impact of Livestock and Poultry waste in Environment
GHG Emission from agricultural sector in Bangladesh
Cultivation of
Organic Soils 5%
Corp Residues 5%
Burning- Crop residues 1%
Enteric Fermentation 31%
47%
Manure Management 3%
Mamure left on Pasture
11%
Synthetic Fertilizers 9%
Rice Cultivation 33%
Mamure applied to Soils 2%
The annual methane emission (GgCH4/Yr) of the manure produced by different farm animals in Bangladesh was estimated by K. S. Huque et al, 2017.
Farm animals
Number of farm animals (millions)
Gg methane emission.Yr-1
Dairy cattle
9.3
62.96
Other cattle
14.4
92.3
Buffalo
1.47
7.97
Small Ruminants
29.02
5.89
Poultry
317.7
7.62
Total
176.75

8. Literature Review Impact of poultry waste
Scientists
year
Comments
Poultry wastes are polluting the surface water, groundwater and air environment at high level.
About 35% respondents gave opinion that the poultry droppings have effects on environmental pollution.
Faulty use of poultry droppings can cause environmental pollution.
Poultry enhance pollution of air, water and emission of foul odor which causes huge discomfort to both human and animal lives.
Alabadan et al
2009
Amin et al
2012
Hossain and
Ali
Anosike
2007

9. Literature Review Relevant Policies
Opportunities
Gaps
Scope of this study
National
Agriculture Policy (2013)
Encourage use of organic
fertilizer and compost for production of crops.
Livestock and poultry
manure are the main raw material for these.
Conventional use of
manure pollutes water
body, allows air pollution by emitting GHGs and threatens public health.
Development of
specific plants to
produce compost or organic fertilizer from poultry manure.
Livestock
Development Policy, (2007)
Emphasized poultry waste
management including waste
recycling, with safe and eco- friendly management of poultry litter.
There are no guidelines
for environmental
protection and bio- security when establishing poultry farms.
Formulation of policy
for poultry waste
management which is one of the objectives in this study.
Poultry
Development Policy (2008)
Waste from poultry farm and
hatchery should be disposed
in specific place with health and environmental concern.
This absence of poultry
waste management strategy.
Implementation of
poultry waste management plant.

10. Objectives
Analysis of existing poultry waste management situation in Bangladesh.
Propose scenarios to develop poultry manure recycling plants.
Assessment the socio-economic and environmental benefits of the suggested scenarios.
Development of guidelines/policies for better management of poultry wastes.

11. Methodology Analysis of current poultry waste management in Bangladesh
Secondary information (DLS, BBS, FAOSTAT, Journals) Use of Ms Excel
Propose scenarios for the development of current situation
(using geographic information system)
Step 1
GIS Suitability Analysis
Mapping Restriction
Mapping Suitability
Final Suitable Locations for Poultry Waste Development Plants

12. Proposed Scenarios Step 2
Considering these points, this study proposed following 3 scenarios:
Energy production from sustainable and relatively environmental friendly source.
Environmental Impact of Synthetic Fertilizers which is reduced by using poultry manure.
Nutritional demand in fish feed mitigated by poultry manure.
Development of biogas plant
Poultry manure is the
source of N and rice straw is the source of C
C:N Ratio
Development of composting plant
For balanced fish feed, proper Carbohydrate and Protein ratio is important
Development of fish feed plant
PM or poultry processing by products are rich source of protein, Rice bran is commonly used for carbohydrate source in Fish feed.
* Rice is the main crop in Bangladesh

13. Spatial Distribution of Poultry Manure and Rice Residues
Step 3
Spatial Distribution of Poultry Manure and Rice Residues
The detailed data of poultry numbers and yearly rice production are available for Upazilas in the District Statistics, 2017.
To estimate total available amount of poultry manure, rice straw and rice bran in Bangladesh, the following equations are used:
Rp= N.Yp………………..(1)
Where, Rp is total manure from poultry, N is number of poultry and Yp is manure (dry matter) generation rate.
Ap= Rp.Cp……………….(2)
Where, Ap is available poultry manure and Cp is manure collection factor.
Rc= P.Yc……………………(3)
Where, Rc is total residue from each crop, P is annual crop production and Yc is residue to crop yield mass ratio.
Ac= Rc. Cc. Dc. Sc…….(4)
Where, Ac is availabe crop residue, Cc is residue collection factor, Dc is residue dryness factor and Sc is surplus availability factor.

14. Mathematical Analysis
Step 4
Scenarios Designing
Considering final suitable locations and with some specific criteria for different scenarios
Step 5
Mathematical Analysis
For estimation of socio- economic and environmental benefits from proposed scenarios
Step 6
Development of guidelines or policy

15. Amount excreted in manure in million tonnes
Results
Total Amount of Poultry Manure Production in Bangladesh
Amount excreted in manure in million tonnes
10.00
9.16
8.80
9.00
8.00
7.00
8.21
8.02
7.58
6.91
7.14
5.81
6.00
5.00
Source: FAOSTAT , 2018
Current uses of poultry manure /litter
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10% 5% 0%
35%
27%
20%
13%
10% 8% 4%
2% 2%
Small Farms
Used for crop production
Midium Farms Used for fish culture
Large Farms Used for biogas production
Source: Department of Livestock Services, 2018

16. Results
Environmental Impact of poultry manure in Bangladesh (giga gram)
Element
Enteric Fermentation
Manure Management
Manure applied to Soils
Manure left on Pasture
Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 -
Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O
Emissions (CO2eq)
Source: FAOSTAT_data_ emmission

17. Results Restriction Map Transport Network Surface water
Natural Reserve
Residential Area
Important Places
Unstable Area

18. Results
Suitability Map
Road Distance
Flood Prone Area
Elevation

19. Results
Final Suitability Map

20. Results
Spatial Analysis of Poultry Manure, Rice Straw, Rice Bran

21. ˃40 ton/ sq.km and > 10 ton/sq.km
Scenarios Designing
Scenario 1:
For biogas production C:N ratio :1
Poultry manure C:N=6-7:1
Rice straw
C:N= :1
Co-digestion of RS and PM 4:1 ratio
Process flow diagram
Having average intensity of RS and PM
˃40 ton/ sq.km and > 10 ton/sq.km
Having potential capacity of power plants
˃500 KW
Electricity Demand
Availability of suitable sites of area
˃1.5 ha
In cluster of adjacent upazilas: Upazila have large poultry farms is chosen
Network analysis: Maximum coverage
Maximum road to travel for RS 20 km
Final selection of best sites for biogas production

22. ˃40 ton/ sq.km and > 10 ton/sq.km
Scenario 2:
Poultry manure C:N=6-7:1
Rice straw
C:N= :1
For composting C:N ratio :1
Co-digestion of RS and PM 4:1 ratio
Process flow diagram
Having average intensity of RS and PM
˃40 ton/ sq.km and > 10 ton/sq.km
Having potential capacity of composting plants
˃50 ton/day
Fertilizer Demand
Availability of suitable sites of area
˃2 Ha
Having demand of synthetic fertilizer
˃15% of current supply
Network analysis: Maximum coverage
Final selection of best sites for composting plant

23. ˃25 ton/ sq.km and > 10 ton/sq.km
Scenario 3:
For fish feed plant contains % protein
PM: 35-55% P
And 6-8%
Carbohydrate RB: 7-10% P
And 50-60%
Carbohydrate
Co-digestion of RS and PM 2.5:1 ratio
Process flow diagram
Having average intensity of both RB and PM
˃25 ton/ sq.km and > 10 ton/sq.km
Having potential capacity of fish feed plants
˃1200 ton/yr
Fish Production Intensity
Availability of suitable sites of area
˃0.5 ha
Cluster Analysis:
High-high cluster
Network analysis: Maximum travel distance 10 km
Final selection of best sites for biogas production

24. Future Works Future works 1. Scenarios analysis
2. Socio-economic and environmental benefits
3. Policy Improvement

25. Thank you