1. CHAPTER 23
STATE DEVELOPMENT IN THE WEST,

2. The New Political Vocabulary
Nationalism
Conservatism
Liberalism
Socialism
Karl Marx and Communism

3. The Search for a Status Quo: Western and Central Europe
Return of the Bourbons
The French Influence in Belgium
German and Italian Nationalism

4. 1848: The Revolutionary Year
France and the Second Republic
Germany and the Frankfurt Assembly
Italy
The Habsburg Monarchy

5. The Aftermath of 1848: Western and Central Europe to 1871
Italian Unification
France and the Second Republic
Austria and Prussia to 1861

6. Bismarck and German Unification
The Danish and Austrian Wars
The War with France

7. Russia and the Obstacles to Reform, 1801-1871
Unfulfilled Reformist Dreams
Nicholas I and the Redefinition of Russia
Alexander II and the Great Reforms

8. The United Kingdom British Flexibility The Reformist Tide
The Irish Problem

9. The United States Democratic Advances The Civil War and Its Results
The United States and the World