1. Chapter 7 Stress and Well-Being at Work
Define stress, distress, and strain.
Compare four different approaches to stress.
Explain the psychophysiology of the stress response.
Identify work and nonwork causes of stress.
Describe the consequences of stress.
Discuss individual factors that influence a person’s response to stress and strain.
Identify the stages and elements of preventive stress management for individuals and organizations.
Learning Outcomes
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What Is Stress?
LO1
[Stress] – the unconscious preparation to fight or flee that a person experiences when faced with any demand
[Stressor ] – the person or event that triggers the stress response
[Distress (or strain)] – the adverse psychological, physical, behavioral, and organizational consequences that may arise as a result of stressful events
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3. 4 APPROACHES TO STRESS LO2
Homeostatic/Medical: Stress occurs when an external demand upsets an individual’s natural, steady-state balance.
Cognitive Appraisal: Individual perception and cognitive appraisal determines what is stressful
Person-Environment Fit: Confusing and conflicting expectations in a social role create stress.
Psychoanalytic: Stress is the discrepancy between the idealized self and the real self-image
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4. Activation of sympathetic
The Stress Response
LO3
Activation of sympathetic
nervous and
endocrine systems
Release of chemical
messengers
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Learning Outcome 4
LO1
Identify work and nonwork causes of stress.
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6. LO4
Sources of Stress
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7. LO5
Yerkes-Dodson Law
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8. Consequences of Stress
LO5
Consequences of Stress
Individual:
Medical illness, behavioral problems, work-related psychological disorders.
Organizational:
Participative problems, performance decrement, compensation award
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LO6
Individual Factors
[Gender Effects]
[Type A Behavior]
[Personality Hardiness]
[Self Reliance ]
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10. Preventative Stress Management
LO7
an organizational philosophy that holds that people & organizations should take joint responsibility for promoting health and preventing distress and strain
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11. Preventative Stress Maintenance
LO7
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LO7
Stress Prevention
INDIVIDUAL:
Positive thinking
Time management
Leisure time activities
Physical exercise
Relaxation training
Diet
Opening up
Professional help
ORGANIZATIONAL:
Job redesign
Goal setting
Role negotiation
Social support systems
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What Can Managers Do?
LO7
Learn how to create healthy stress without distress
Help employees adjust to new technologies
Be sensitive to early signs of distress
Be aware of gender, personality, and behavioral differences
Use principles and methods of preventive stress management
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