1. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy.
High-resolution scanning electron microscopy. (A) Adherence of SMDP92 cells to HEp-2 cells. In addition to the association of bacteria with eukaryotic cells, many bacteria adhere to the glass substratum. Bar, 10 μm. (B) High-magnification image of adhering SMDP92 cells with lateral fimbriae protruding from the bacteria (arrows). Bar, 1 μm. (C) SMDP92 cells adhering to the glass surface (biofilm formation) without epithelial cells. Bar, 10 μm. (D) High-resolution image of biofilm-forming bacteria showing peritrichous fibers attaching to bacteria. Long and thick filaments, probably flagella, are also shown. Bar, 2 μm. (Reprinted from reference 83 with permission of John Wiley & Sons.)‏
Joanna S. Brooke Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2012; doi: /CMR