1. Who did what in chemistry?

2. Ancient Greeks
Democritus suggested that all matter was made up of atoms.

3. John Dalton Atomic Theory
Matter is made from very small particles called atoms
Atoms are indivisible
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed

4. William Crookes
Radiation from Cathode rays

5. J.J Thomson Discovery of electron
Plumb pudding model of atom structure

6. George Stoney
Irish UCG
Suggested the name ‘electron’

7. Robert Millikan
Size and charge of electron
Oil drop experiment

8. Ernest Rutherford
Discovery of nucleus
Discovery of proton

9. James Chadwick
Discovery of the neutron

10. Neils Bohr Study of emission line spectra
Electrons in fixed orbits n=1 n=2 etc
Have fixed amount of energy, energy levels
Can gain or lose energy by moving between energy levels

11. Louis De Broglie
Electrons move with a wave motion

12. Heisenberg Uncertainty principle
Impossible to measure velocity and position of electron at the same time
Probability of finding an electron at a particular position

13. Schrodingner Developed wave equations to identify orbital shapes
‘S’ orbitals are spherical
‘P’ orbitals are dumb-bell shaped

14. Robert Boyle Irish, Co. Waterford First definition of an element
Predicted that elements combine in a chemical reaction
Boyle’s Law: at const temp the volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure

15. Humphrey Davy
Exploited Electrochemistry
Discovered elements Na and K

16. Dobereiner Grouped elements into Triads
Grouped according to Atomic Mass

17. Newlands Grouped elements into Octaves
1st and 8th element had similar properties
Noble gases had not been discovered, he did not leave gaps

18. Dmitri Mendeleev Periodic law Elements arranged increasing RAM
Left gaps
Some in reverse order

19. Moseley Determined the atomic number of elements
Arranged elements in order of Atomic Number

20. Friederichn Hund
Maximum Multiplicity: when two or more orbitals of equal energy are available, the electrons occupy them singly first

21. Wolfgang Pauli No more than two electrons can occupy an orbital
Electrons in an orbital must have opposite spin

22. Alessandro Volta
Invented the battery

23. Luigi Galvani
Discovered animal electricity

24. Joseph Gay-Lussac The law of combining volumes of gases
Developed volumetric analysis

25. Carlo Avogadro
Method for finding molecular formulae

26. Michael Faraday Discovered laws of electrolysis Discovered Benzene
Invented: electric motor, dynamo and transformer

27. Henri Le Chatelier
Le Chatelier principle

28. William Henry Bragg William Lawrence Bragg
Father and son
Developed the X-ray diffraction method for determining crystal structures

29. J.N.Bronsted T.M.Lowry
Proposed the modern definitions of acids and bases