2. 2007-2008 Domain Eubacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya Common ancestor Kingdom: Plants Domain Eukarya

3. Evolution of Land Plants 500 mya land plants evolved – special adaptations for life on dry land _________________________________ – ____________________________ _________________________________ – ____________________________ _________________________________ – ____________________________ _________________________________ – ____________________________

4. Plant Evolution conifers colonization of land Ancestral Protist Gymnosperm pollen & naked seeds Pteridophytes seedless vascular plants Bryophytes non-vascular land plants Angiosperm flowers & fruit conifers

5. Animal life cycle haploid unicellular gametes 1n diploid multicellular individual 2n

6. Plant life cycle haploid unicellular gametes 1n diploid multicellular individual 2n gametes 1n spores 1n

7. diploidhaploid Bryophytes: 1 st land plants __________________________________ ___________________________ no water transport system no true roots – dominant stage? ___________________________ fuzzy moss plant you are familiar with is haploid – reproduction? ___________________________ – flagellated spores – sprout to form gametophyte Where must mosses live?

8. Pteridophytes: 1 st vascular plants ________________________ __________________________ water transport system xylem, phloem, roots, leaves – dominant stage? __________________________ – reproduction? __________________________ – flagellated Spores - sprout to form gametophyte diploid haploid Where must ferns live?

9. Alternation of generations Fern gametophyte (1n) – __________________: male & female gamete production on same plant ________

10. diploid Alternation of generations haploid produces male & female gametes

11. First seed plants: Gymnosperm Gymnosperm: conifers ___________________________ – xylem, phloem, roots, leaves – dominant stage? ___________________________ – reduction of gametophyte protects delicate egg & embryo in protective sporophyte – protected from drought & UV radiation ___________________: male vs. female gametophytes – reproduction? ___________________________ – naked seeds (no fruit) ___________________________ – contain male gametophyte Where can conifers live?

12. Cones & naked seeds

13. male female male (pollen) cones female cones sporangium & pollen pine embryo

14. First flowering plants Angiosperm: flowering plants ___________________________ dominant stage? ___________________________ protects egg & embryo ______________________: male vs. female gametophytes reproduction? ______________________________ ___________________________ ______________________________ ___________________________ ______________________________ contain male gametophyte

15. ______ new sporophyte in seed (diploid) __________ ______________ female gametophyte = ovary sac (haploid) male gametophyte = pollen grain (haploid) sperm nuclei travel down pollen tube ______________ ______ double fertilization Angiosperm life cycle

16. Anther Filament Stamen Stigma Style Ovary Carpel Sepal Petal Ovule sepals petals Flower Modified shoot with 4 rings of modified leaves – ____________ male – ____________ female stamens carpel adaptations through mutations

17. Seed & Plant embryo Seed offers… – ________________ ________________ __________ seed coat endosperm (3n) cotyledons embryo (2n) cotyledons = seed leaves, first leaves of new plant cotyledons = seed leaves, first leaves of new plant

18. Monocots & dicots Angiosperm are divide into 2 classes – _______________________ _________________________ leaves with network of veins woody plants, trees, shrubs, beans – _______________________ _________________________ leaves with parallel veins grasses, palms, lilies

20. Features of Mono and Dicotyledons