1. Asia Since 1945 CHAPTER 32 Section 1: Aftermath of the War in Europe
8/26/2019
CHAPTER 32
Asia Since 1945
Section 1: Aftermath of the War in Europe
Section 2: Origins of the Cold War
Section 3: Reconstruction, Reform, and Reaction in Europe
Section 4: The United States and Canada

2. South Asia After Empire
Section 1:
South Asia After Empire
Objectives:
Explain how differences between Hindus and Muslims led to a divided India.
Identify problems that India faced after independence.
Describe how Pakistan and Bangladesh developed after the partition of India.

3. South Asia After Empire
Section 1:
South Asia After Empire
The End of British Rule
Wartime developments – Hindus wanted complete separation from Great Britain; Muslim League wanted Muslim state separate from India
The partition of India – violence caused by religious divisions

4. South Asia After Empire
Section 1:
South Asia After Empire
Independent India
Government leaders and policies – Nehru began nonalignment; Indira Gandhi was assassinated after attacking Sikh holy place
Social and economic problems – increased poverty, disease, population
Foreign relations - nonalignment
The continuing problem of Kashmir – Pakistan and India both wanted Kashmir

5. The Division of Pakistan
Section 1:
South Asia After Empire
The Division of Pakistan
Independence for Bangladesh – division of East Pakistan and West Pakistan
Bangladesh and Pakistan today – Bangladesh faces problems of war and natural disasters; Pakistan faces political unrest

6. Communist China and Its Influence
Section 2:
Communist China and Its Influence
Objectives:
Describe how Mao Zedong’s government tried to rebuild China after World War II.
Identify what happened at Tiananmem Square and what the consequences were for China.
Explain why Korea was divided and how the two Koreas have developed since 1953.
Explain why China and Taiwan have been in conflict.

7. Communist China and Its Influence
Section 2:
Communist China and Its Influence
China Under Mao Zedong
The People’s Republic of China – Five-Year Plan was successful in creating economic growth
The Great Leap Forward – a second Five-Year Plan for further industrialization failed
The Cultural Revolution – violent attempt to rid China of old customs and replace with new socialist culture had a devastating effect

8. Communist China and Its Influence
Section 2:
Communist China and Its Influence
China After Mao
Tiananmen Square Massacre – pro-democracy student demonstrators were killed or wounded by army in public square
Foreign relations since 1949 – most Western nations withdrew aid to China; conflicts between China and Soviet Union; improved relations with United States

9. Communist China and Its Influence
Section 2:
Communist China and Its Influence
A Divided Korea
Korea had been divided after World War II; plans for uniting north and south failed
South Korea – republic; dictators promoted economic growth, people had little political freedom
North Korea – communist; faced famine and economic collapse

10. The Nationalists in Taiwan
Section 2:
Communist China and Its Influence
The Nationalists in Taiwan
China considered Taiwan a Chinese province, but allowed self-government
Taiwan held open elections and voted out Nationalist Party leaders, wanted independence

11. The Japanese Miracle Objectives: Section 3:
Identify the factors that allowed Japan to recover effectively after World War II.
Describe the economic and social changes that occurred in Japan from the 1950s onward.
Explain how the relationship between Japan and the United States changed in the years since World War II.

12. The Occupation of Japan
Section 3:
The Japanese Miracle
The Occupation of Japan
Demilitarize Japan
Create new nonmilitary, democratic government

13. The Japanese Miracle Postwar Developments Section 3:
Economic development – land reform, advanced technology
Social changes – higher standard of living, more women in workplace, more pollution

14. Foreign Relations and Political Life
Section 3:
The Japanese Miracle
Foreign Relations and Political Life
A more independent stance – Japan maintained friendly ties with United States after World War II, but began to follow its own course in 1980s, giving money and political aid to other countries
Politics in Japan – Liberal-Democratic Party, Socialists disagreed; LDP controlled government for many years

15. Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Section 4:
Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Objectives:
Describe the causes and effects of dictatorships in the Philippines and Indonesia.
Explain how the Vietnam War affected Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
Identify the problems that the nations of Southeast Asia faced as they struggled to create stable governments.

16. Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Section 4:
Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
The Philippines
Ferdinand Marcos – declared martial law and created new constitution to control Communist and Muslim revolts
Corazon Aquino – brought back democracy and promoted new business

17. Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Section 4:
Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Burma (Myanmar)
Independence brought lack of strong government, communist attempts to seize country
U Nu brought order, but was overthrown by Ne Win
Military rule refused to give up power after free election was won by opposing party

18. Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Section 4:
Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Indonesia
Sukarno – first president of Republic of Indonesia who became dictator; economy suffered
Suharto – overthrew government with armed forces; poorly managed government, human rights abuses

19. Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Section 4:
Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Vietnam
Division and war – Ho Chi Minh led communist state in north zone; Ngo Dinh Diem was president of non-communist government in south
American involvement – Tet Offensive, Paris Peace Accords, South Vietnam surrendered
A reunited Vietnam – financial problems were alleviated when government allowed private business

20. Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Section 4:
Independence Struggles in Southeast Asia
Laos and Cambodia
Laos – civil war, assistance from Vietnam to control anticommunist factions, trade agreements with United States, Japan and Russia
Cambodia – Viet Cong trained and armed Khmer Rouge to take over government, genocide to control dissent

21. Asian Paths to Prosperity
Section 5:
Asian Paths to Prosperity
Objectives:
Explain what led Asian governments to impose tight controls in their countries.
Describe the problems Asian countries faced as they tried to develop their economies and how they solved those problems.
Explain how economic success in Asian countries affected the West.

22. Political Development
Section 5:
Asian Paths to Prosperity
Political Development
Ethnic divisions
Government security
Economic growth

23. Asian Paths to Prosperity
Section 5:
Asian Paths to Prosperity
Economic Development
Barriers to economic development – export of agricultural goods and natural resources brought low prices
Cooperating for development – Asian countries formed economic alliances
Economic expansion – “Four Tigers” were important in world markets; problems included political instability, overpopulation

24. Asian Cultural Diffusion
Section 5:
Asian Paths to Prosperity
Asian Cultural Diffusion
Economic success alarmed some business leaders, served as model for others