1. N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide: A novel uremic toxin?
Boleslaw Rutkowski, Ewa Slominska, Marek Szolkiewicz, Ryszard T. Smolenski, Cindy Striley, Przemyslaw Rutkowski, Julian Swierczynski 
Kidney International 
Volume 63, Pages S19-S21 (May 2003)
DOI: /j s84.36.x
Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
The pathway of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) degradation.
Kidney International  , S19-S21DOI: ( /j s84.36.x)
Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
The serum 2PY concentration in patients with different severities of renal insufficiency. The effect of hemodialysis (4 hour sessions; polysulphone membrane) and kidney transplantation. Control, control group (N = 19); CRF, groups (N = 10) of nondialyzed patients with CRF and serum creatinine concentration; CRF1, ± 98.5; CRF2, ± 68.2; CRF3, ± 145.7; HD, group (N = 11) of patients on hemodialysis treatment with serum creatinine concentration; HD1 (before HD), ± 128.8; HD2 (after HD), ± 73.4; HD3 (48 hours after HD), 707 ± 112.1; TN, group (N = 12) of patients after kidney transplantation with serum creatinine concentration: ± Serum creatinine concentration expressed in μmol/L. Statistical analysis shows CRF1 vs. control; P < 0.001; CRF2 vs. CRF1; P < 0.005; CRF3 vs. CRF2; P < 0.05; HD1 vs. CRF3; NS; HD2 vs. HD1, and HD3 vs. HD2; P < 0.001; TN vs. control; P < 0.01.
Kidney International  , S19-S21DOI: ( /j s84.36.x)
Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
The effect of increasing concentrations of nicotinamide and 2PY on the purified PARP-1 activity. Nicotinamide is designated with a □, and 2PY is designated with a ▪.
Kidney International  , S19-S21DOI: ( /j s84.36.x)
Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions