1. What phase was the Moon last night?
Warm-Up: 05/20
What phase was the Moon last night?
How much light is growing or shrinking between each phase? (hint: put it in the form of a fraction or a percent)

2. Light grows and shrinks by ¼ or 25% between each phase.

3. Explain the difference between rotation and revolution.
Warm-Up: 05/21
Explain the difference between rotation and revolution.
What causes tides on the Earth?
How many phases of the Moon do we have? How many days does each phase last in a month?

4. Rotation: the movement or path of the Earth or other rotating object turning on its axis.
Revolution: The motion of one body around another (the motion of the planets in their orbit around the Sun).
Tides are caused by the Moon’s gravity and its pull on the water on Earth.
There are 8 phases of the Moon. Each phase lasts about 3 ½ days in a month.

5. The Moon
We are always talking about the near side of the Moon. The far side of the Moon is never facing us.

6. What is a Moon?
A large rock that orbits a planet
The Earth has 1 moon
Moons orbit planets
Planets orbit the sun
The name of our moon is Luna

7. Moon Facts
The moon is 240,000 miles from Planet Earth (approx. 385,000 km).
The moon orbits counterclockwise.
There are holes on the moon’s surface called craters.
The moon gets its light from the reflected sunlight
The moon rotates counterclockwise.

8. The Sun, Earth, & Moon

9. Animation of Earth, Moon, & Sun
video Movement of the Moon, Earth, & Sun

10. Why doesn’t the moon look the same?
As the moon orbits around the Earth, the light from the sun shines on it.
From Earth, we can only see certain portions of the lit moon.
It takes 1 month, approx days, for the moon to completely orbit the Earth.

11. Animation of the Moon Phases
Moon Phase Animation
Throughout a month, the moon’s position changes & we can only see some parts of the illuminated moon.

12. Karate Kid Moon Phases https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3PycZtfns_U
Another way to identify phases when you look up in the sky:
Light on the Right=Returning (waxing)
Light on the Left=Leaving (waning)

13. The Moon Causes Tides
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon (and a little from the Sun).
There are two types of tides: High & Low
High tide occurs twice a day.

14. The Moon and Tides
Tides are created because the Earth and the moon are attracted to each other, just like magnets are attracted to each other. The moon tries to pull at anything on the Earth to bring it closer. But, the Earth is able to hold onto everything except the water. Since the water is always moving, the Earth cannot hold onto it, and the moon’s gravitational force is able to pull at it.

15. Tide Images
High Tide
Low Tide

16. Predict: What phases of the moon will create the highest tide?
Exit Slip
Predict: What phases of the moon will create the highest tide?

17. Demo of how tides work

18. Diagram of the Moon Phases
The sun is always shining on the moon.
From earth we can only see certain parts of the moon that are lit by the sun.

19. Diagram of the Moon Phases
NEW MOON
The moon is lit by the sun. However, the lit side of the moon cannot be seen from Earth. The moon appears black during the NEW MOON PHASE.

20. Why is a new moon not seen?
The reason we don't see any light on the moon during a new moon is because the far side of the moon is getting all the light, while the side we see is cast completely in shadow. When we have a full moon it's because the moon is facing us AND the sun, so we see its light reflected fully. The other phases are the stages in between.

21. Diagram of the Moon Phases
The moon is lit by the sun. We can only see a small portion of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING CRESCENT.
WAXING
CRESCENT

22. Diagram of the Moon Phases
The moon is lit by the sun. We can see half of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING HALF MOON or a FIRST QUARTER MOON.
WAXING
HALF MOON
(1ST QUARTER)

23. Diagram of the Moon Phases
The moon is lit by the sun. We can see a lot of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING GIBBOUS.
WAXING
GIBBOUS

24. Diagram of the Moon Phases
The moon is lit by the sun. We can see the entire lit moon from Earth. This is the FULL MOON phase.
FULL MOON

25. Diagram of the Moon Phases
The moon is lit by the sun. We can see a lot of the lit moon from Earth. This phase is called the WANING GIBBOUS.
WANING
GIBBOUS

26. Diagram of the Moon Phases
WANING HALF MOON
(LAST QUARTER)
The moon is lit by the sun. We can see half of the lit moon from Earth. This is known as the WANING HALF MOON or LAST QUARTER.

27. Diagram of the Moon Phases
WANING
CRESCENT
The moon is lit by the sun. We can only see a small portion of the lit moon from Earth. This is called the WANING CRESCENT.

28. The Phases Build Upon One Another:

29. Let’s look at the phases all together:
What does WAXING mean?
What does WANING mean?
What is a CRESCENT?
What is a GIBBOUS?

30. WAXING : Light is returning on the right, the moon is growing and moving toward a full moon.
Waning: (withering) light is leaving on the left, the phases are moving toward a new moon.
Crescent: the shape of the visible part of the moon when it is less than half full
Gibbous: means bulging, the moon is bigger than half but less than full.

31. Moon Phases Rap

32. Eclipses How do eclipses occur? Revolution of the moon causes them
Occur when earth or moon temporarily block the sunlight from reaching the other

33. Eclipses can occur only when the sun, moon and earth are perfectly lined up.
When can eclipses occur?

34. Moon
moves
Between
Sun and
earth
What is a Solar Eclipse?

37. Earth moves between the moon and the sun
What is a Lunar Eclipse?

38. Lunar Eclipse on March 3, 2007

39. How was the moon formed?
Igneous rocks of the maria are thought to be 3-4 billion years old (youngest rocks found on moon surface)).

40. Apollo missions led many scientists to support the impact theory
- Moon was formed 4.6 billion years ago when a Mars-sized object collided with earth. Gas and debris was thrown into orbit then condensed into a single mass, forming the moon.

41. The Formation of the Moon
Section 4
The Formation of the Moon
Header first line (section#) – white 24 points Arial Bold
Header second line (title) – white 28 points Arial Bold
Title – navy 28 points Arial Bold
Body text – black 24 points Arial and Arial Bold
Bullets – navy
Copyright – white 12 points Arial
Background name: HST-Presentation_white.jpg
Size:
Height: 7.52"
Width: 10.02"
Scale: 70%
Position on slide:
Horizontal - 0"
Vertical - 0"
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

42. Another science law…
Kepler’s 3 laws of motion are mathematical explanations of how planets and other bodies in the solar system move.