1. Sharks Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Chordata Class: Chondrichthyes
Sub-class: Elasmobranchii
Includes Sharks, Skates, Rays, and Ratfish 1

2. Sharks living fossils Skeleton made of cartilage Movable jaws
Well-developed teeth
Paired lateral fins for efficient swimming

3. Body Shape
Fusiform body shape (spindle-shaped)

4. BODY SHAPE: TAIL Caudal fin (tail) is well developed and powerful
Heterocercal tail – upper lobe is longer than the lower lobe 4

5. Caudal Fin
                                             
Dogfish Shark, Tail Detail (Scale ~ 1:2)
Heterocercal Tail

6. 3 adaptations
Ampullae of Lorenzini
Placoid Scales
Spiracle

7. Ampullae of Lorenzini
sense organ to sense electric fields in the water
mucous filled pores

8. Placoid Scales
Rough sand paper skin
homologous to teeth

9. Spiracle
On top of head
How they take in water when resting on sea floor

10. BODY SHAPE: FINS 2 DORSAL fins 2 PECTORAL fins 2 PELVIC Fins are small
1 ANAL Fin

11. Two Dorsal Fins
Gill Slits
Anal Fin
Paired Pectoral Fins
Pelvic Fins

12. 2 dorsal fins -FIRST is LARGER and TRIANGULAR
2 Pectoral fins are LARGE and POINTED

13. 1 Anal Fin is usually equal to the 2nd dorsal fin
PELVIC FINS
2 Pelvic Fins are SMALL
1 Anal Fin is usually equal to the 2nd dorsal fin 13

14. Swim continuously to force water over the gills
How do they breathe?
Swim continuously to force water over the gills
They have 5-7 gill slits

15. Teeth
Powerful jaws have rows of triangular teeth
Replace lost teeth

16. Tooth Replacement

17. Sharks and People People eat shark meat Threatened by overfishing
Fished for their oil
Skin is turned into leather and used as sandpaper
Fins are used for soup

18. Size Range of Sharks Adults varies
Spiny Pigmy Sharks are no longer than 25 cm (10”)
Whale Sharks are the largest of all 18 m (60’)

19. Sawshark
Long flat blade armed with teeth

20. Thrasher Shark
Upper lobe of tail is very long

21. Lamniformes - mackerel, mako, white sharks
Great White
Mako
Isurus oxyrinchus
Mako
Great White, Carcharodon carcharias

22. Carcharhiniformes - requiem sharks (blacktip)
Carcharhinus limbatus
blacktip shark

23. Carcharhiniformes - requiem sharks (whitetip)
Triaenodon obesus

24. Carchariniformes – bull sharks
Carcharhinus leucas
copyright FLMNH

25. Carchariniformes – basking sharks
Cetorhinus maximus

26. Shark Habitat

27. Heterodontiformes - horn sharks

28. Orectolobiformes –
nurse sharks
Ginglymostoma cirratum

29. Orectolobiformes - whale sharks
Rhincodon typus