1. Challenges and Emerging Solutions in Anemia Management Explored

3. Patient Case

4. Evaluate for Iron Deficiency

5. Oral vs IV Iron

6. Patient Case (cont)

7. Considering QoL Prior to Initiating ESAs

8. Guideline Recommendations for Initiating ESA in Adult CKD ND Patients[a]

9. Factors to Consider When Assessing the Patient

10. ESA Use in CKD and CVOTs

11. Evaluating Iron Therapy and ESA Use in Anemia

12. ESA Resistance or Hyporesponsiveness

13. HIF-PHIs or HIF Stabilizers

14. HIF-PHI Mechanism of Action

15. Erythropoietic Response via HIF

16. Roxadustat Achieves Target Hb Within or Near Physiologic EPO Cmax Levels

17. HIF-PH Inhibitors Under Development*

18. Efficacy in Raising Hemoglobin

19. Safety of HIF-PHIs

20. HIF-Stabilizers Safety Concerns

21. Who Should Be Treated With HIF-PHIs?

22. Potential Cost Issues with HIF-PHIs

23. Summary

24. Abbreviations

25. Abbreviations (cont)