1. Metabolic Remodeling in Times of Stress: Who Shoots Faster than His Shadow? 
Tobias P. Dick, Markus Ralser 
Molecular Cell 
Volume 59, Issue 4, Pages (August 2015)
DOI: /j.molcel
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 Title for Figure 1
(A) Outline of the glycolytic-PPP transition. Prior to H2O2 exposure (left side), glycolysis and the PPP operate normally. Upon H2O2 exposure (right side), the PPP is strongly activated within seconds, lower glycolysis is inhibited, and upper glycolysis operates in reverse, resulting in cycling. G6P is largely or partially regenerated which increases the efficiency of NADPH generation.
(B) Efficiency and mechanism of the PPP-glycolysis regeneration cycle, illustrated as a schematic operating in a mode of maximal NADPH generation efficiency. Of six G6P molecules entering the cycle, five equivalents are regenerated, while one G6P equivalent is completely oxidized and stripped of all carbon valence shell electrons, to yield 12 NADPH. Strings of beads represent carbon skeletons; the numbers inside beads are the formal oxidation numbers of the corresponding carbon atoms. Some intermediates have been omitted for clarity (6-phosphoglucono-lactone, 6-phosphogluconate, ribulose 5-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate).
Molecular Cell  , DOI: ( /j.molcel )
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions