1. Modern Cell theory
Cells are basic unit of life.
All organisms are made of cells.
Cells come from cells.

2. What are Schleiden and Schwann known for?

4. How can you tell a prokaryote from an Eukaryotic cell?
Drawing of prokaryote eukaryote
How can you tell a prokaryote from an
Eukaryotic cell?

5. What are 3 functions of the cell nucleus?

6. FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEUS
1.Store genetic
information
2.Regulate cell
processes
3. Start the process
of protein synthesis

7. Cell Part__Cell Wall
Cellulose (structural
carbohydrate)
Function
Support & protect
Location
Outside cell membrane
____________________________________
The __cell wall ___is like a Analogy Drawing
_________Because it___
_____________________

8. ________
location of
protein
synthesis

9. Cell Part_____________ Structure Mostly phospholipids plus some
Protein channels & carbs.
Function
Regulate what goes in and out
Location
Outside of cytoplasm
_____________________________________
The Cell membrane is like a Analogy Drawing
__________Because it___
_____________________
-= -- = Analogy: windowScreen lets air in ei oat But not the Sags. lit t 11ttIl' .aaXfre 0-cellmembrane

10. Our cell membrane are complex with lots
of moving parts. This allows some things
to enter while keeping other things out.

11. Cell Part__________ Actual Drawing
Structure
Mostly water (cytosol) &
organelles
Function
Site of chemical reactions
Location
Between cell membrane and
nucleus
_____________________________________
The cytoplasm is like a Analogy Drawing
_____________Because it
_____________________

12. Cell Part_______
Structure: membrane bound organelle
with green granum (look like stack of
pancakes) called thylakoids.
Function: use light energy, water & CO2
to make sugar (energy storage molecule)
Location: in the cytoplasm of
Plants and some photosynthetic organisms
_____________________________________
Analogy The chloroplast is like a
solar collector because
it converts light energy into
another form of energy

13. Cell Part____________
Structure
Membrane bound sac
with folded membranes (cristae)
Function
Release energy from glucose (sugar)
Location
In Cytoplasm of plant and
animal cells
_____________________________________
The mitochondria is like a Analogy Drawing
_power plant Because it
releases energy from fuel

14. Cell Part_________ Actual Drawing
Structure
Membrane bound sac
Function
Store water, sugar, and salt
Location
In cytoplasm in plants
_____________________________________
The large vacuole is like a Analogy Drawing
Bottle of gatoraide because
it stores sugar salt and water

15. Lysosome
Structure- membrane bound sac
Filled with enzymes
Function-Break down Lipids carbohydrates
and Proteins.
Location- in the cytoplasm
Picture-
Analogy-

16. What is this process Describe the movement of molecules during
diffusion.
What speeds
up diffusion?

17. Diffusion
Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a
semi permeable (also called selectively
permeable) membrane.

18. _________diffusion through channel protein
Describe the movement of molecules during
facilitated diffusion.
Does this type of diffusion require ATP
(energy molecules) to get started?

19. ? Describe the movement of the square molecules.
Is energy required for
this type of diffusion?
What is the name of this
type of transport? ?

21. Organization in living things animal
Multicellular living things are organized from
simple cell to complex organism.
Place these in order from simplest to most
complex.
Organization in living things animal

22. What is meant by cellular respiration?
brainstorm

23. Cellular (in cell ) Respiration (with oxygen)
Plant & animal cells use sugar & oxygen to release energy.
Cellular Respiration happens in the cell’s mitochondrion.
The mitochondria put together the reactants, oxygen & sugar,
and make the products carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP).

24. What is the difference between
aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

25. Aerobic respiration occurs in the
presence of oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence
of oxygen.
What are the runners
doing once the race is
over?

26. Anaerobic respiration occurs when oxygen is NOT present this is referred to as fermentation.
Lactic acid formation-
damages muscles
fermentation –
yeast forms alcohol

27. Pictures from leaf to plastids
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function
Energy captured
Energy released
Location
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Reactant
CO2+H2O
Carbon dioxide + water
C6 H12 O6 + O2
Sugar + oxygen
Product
C6 H12 O6 + O2
Sugar + oxygen
CO2 + H2O
Carbon dioxide + water
Equation
6CO2+6H2O
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2
CO2+6H2O+ATP
energy
energy

28. Photosynthesis

29. What 2 factors limit cell size?

30. Cell size is limited by 2 factors:
1. When a cell gets too big the DNA gets overworked & fails this is called DNA overload.
2. Cells that are too large can not get food in and waste out and the cell dies.

31. As cells get larger their volume increases
and they can’t get food in and waste out
effectively.
How can a cell prevent DNA overload and
excessive volume from occurring while continuing to grow?

32. 1 cell becomes 2 genetically identical cells.
Making somatic or body cells.

33. Cells divide to reduce their volume
making it easier for the DNA to control
all processes and making it easier to
transport food and waste throughout the
cell efficiently.

34. What is it called when cells reproduce out
of control?
Cells gone wild!!!
Normal Cells

35. Cancer is caused by uncontrolled mitosis
(uncontrolled cell division) due to a change
in the DNA.
Malignant cancer cells can migrate to
other parts of the body and spread cancer
to those areas.

36. DNA
What is this structure called?
What does
a DNA
nucleotide
monomer
consist of?

37. Chromosomes are made of DNA

38. What is this process called.

39. What are the steps of DNA replication?

40. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA
DNA ONLY
Both
RNA ONLY

41. Relation between gene and protein.
Genes are the recipe for making proteins

42. When DNA is
rewritten as mRNA
the process is
called ________.

43. mRNA Decoder Wheel

44. mRNA Decoder Chart

45. In this part of protein synthesis you go from
the language of nitrogen bases to the
language of amino acids it is called ______
3 letters of mRNA that code for an amino
acid is called a ________

46. A gene mutation affects one gene.
Chromosomal mutations affect many genes.
Both can be deadly.
What can be used
to diagnose a
monosomy or trysomy?

47. What sex is this person?

48. Genetic Engineering – humans changing
the genetic code.

49. What is this
process called.
How is it done?