1. Artificial Intelligence frameworks in Latin America
mapping drivers and potential outcomes
Carolina aguerre
CETyS / Universidad de San Andres

2. introduction
Since 2017 when Canada released the first pan-Canadian ai strategy more than 30 countries have joined the race.
Latin America has formally produced only one national approach – Mexico - but there are several initiatives to produce a strategy for the issue at the national level as well as legislative initiatives.

3. questions
What are drivers and motivations for the development of an ai strategy at the national level?
Which are the regimes that are influencing the debates?

4. Methodology Document analysis
Fifteen interviews to relevant stakeholders in different countries
Participation in regional working groups (fair, iadb; network of centers on ai, ethics and data governance,)

5. Ai in a glimpse General purpose technology In use since 1956
Ai revolution early 2000’s – machine learning
vast data resources
Enhanced computing power
Mathematical breakthroughs - neural networks

6. framework Data and digital infrastructure
Government and public services
Skills/Education
Ethics
R&D

7. MEXICO Lessons learned 1 promotion of multistakeholder leadership
Strategy IA-MX, Mexico becomes one of the first 10 countries to have clear actions to promote the development, adoption, and use of AI
Lessons learned 1 promotion of multistakeholder leadership
2. discrimination between possibility and desirability
3. Opportunism 4. Identify and ensure funding
5.Organization of the different conversations.
Sstrategy has nt been implemented with the new government. Re-evaluation.

8. URUGUAY (public consultation phase)
The general objective of the strategy is to promote and strengthen the responsible use of AI in
the Public Administration. In this framework, four pillars have been identified that
they make up this strategy, each of them with specific objectives and lines of action.
1. Governance of AI in the Public Administration.
2. Capacity development for AI.
3. Use and application of the AI.
4. Digital citizenship and AI.

9. ARGENTINA (work in progress)
strategy drivers:
to mitigate harms and adequately address the concerns raised by AI
Harness Opportunities raised by AI: develop applications of AI in economy and different productive sectors
Strategy development: in consultation with multiple stakeholders.
Multiple government agencies of the national government
(legislative venture for a federal council on AI , draft)

10. COLOMBIA (incipient)
Endorsed the Recommendation of the Oecd council on AI (May 2019)
Country determined to use ai for economic growth and productive transformation in the “fourth industrial revolution”.
Focus on entrepreneurship and skill development (“Colombia emprende”)
Inclusion of AI based technologies in the public administration and judiciary

11. CHILE (incipient) Digitized public administration
Data sharing concerns in the national public bodies: privacy and ethical challenge
Multistakeholder approach.
Legislative attempts to curb automatized decisions and profiling

12. Heat map: COLORS REPRESENT THE EMPHASIS OF THE ISSUE WITHINGH EACH APPROACH, NOT a comparison among countries
Government and public services
Ethics
Data and digital infrastructure
Capacity, skills and education
R&D
Regime/
Institutional influence
Mexico
OECD, D9, UK
Uruguay D9
Argentina
OECD, G20
Chile
OECD
Colombia

13. FINAL COMMENTS
strategies in countries that are arriving late to the AI race. Focus on development and national regulation.
Addressing the added value of national strategies. Strategies as incentives.
Role of Digital agendas
Data Governance: pending

14. THANK YOU / gracias
@CAROLINAAGUERRE