1. On the plant level
1. Classify plants as vascular or non-vascular.
2. Differentiate gymnosperms from angiosperms.
3. Describe deciduous vs. evergreen trees.

2. Vascular vs. Nonvascular Plants
Nonvascular Plants: No water-conducting cells
(mosses and liverworts)
Vascular plants: Xylem tissue, phloem tissue,
true roots, stems & leaves.
XYLEM - woody tissue, found in higher plants,
brings nutrients into the plant
PHLOEM – vascular tissue that carries food
throughout the plant

3. cone-bearing evergreens
Gymnosperm
Flowerless, seed-bearing land plants
cone-bearing evergreens

4. Angiosperms Flowering plants
all agricultural crops and cereal grains, all garden flowers,
almost all broad-leaved trees and shrubs.

5. shed their leaves each year
TREES
Deciduous
shed their leaves each year
broad-leaf trees (maximum photosynthesis)
survive the cold winters by shedding their leaves
becoming dormant (inactive) until spring
oak, maple, hickory, and beech
Coniferous
keep their leaves, shed only the oldest leaves
can be small bushes or hundred meter high redwoods
pines, spruces, firs, and hemlocks