1. Negative trials in nephrology: what can we learn?
James E. Novak, Jula K. Inrig, Uptal D. Patel, Robert M. Califf, Lynda A. Szczech 
Kidney International 
Volume 74, Issue 9, Pages (November 2008)
DOI: /ki
Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Results from representative negative or neutral trials in nephrology. Box plot indicates point estimate (HR or RR) with 95% CI. ‘X’ signifies the estimate the study was powered to detect. Point estimates reported are for mortality or composite end points including mortality (except the Netherlands Cooperative Study on the Adequacy of Dialysis and MDRD, see footnotes). See text for abbreviations. (1) high versus low dose; (2) high versus low flux; (3) QOL, HD vs PD; (4) change in GFR (ml/min/year), very low versus low protein diet.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /ki )
Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions