1. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Reviewing last session:

2. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
tendencies to think in certain ways that can lead to systematic deviations from a standard of rationality

3. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases

4. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Peak-End effect

5. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Peak-End effect
people seem to perceive not the sum of an experience but the average of how it was at its peak (e.g., pleasant or unpleasant) and how it ended
How is this not rational?

6. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Anchoring

7. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Anchoring
tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making decisions

8. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Anchoring

9. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Belief bias
evaluation of the logical strength of an argument is biased by the believability of the conclusion

10. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Clustering illusion
seeing phantom patterns

11. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Clustering illusion

12. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Confirmation bias
The tendency to search for, interpret, focus on and remember information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions.
biased search for information
biased interpretation
biased memory

13. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Hyperbolic discounting

14. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases
Survivorship bias
Concentrating on the people or things that "survived" some process and inadvertently overlooking those that didn't because of their lack of visibility.

15. Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Cognitive Biases