1. Prevention of vascular calcification with bisphosphonates without affecting bone mineralization: a new challenge? 
Ellen G. Neven, Marc E. De Broe, Patrick C. D'Haese 
Kidney International 
Volume 75, Issue 6, Pages (March 2009)
DOI: /ki
Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Potential mechanisms involved in the calcification paradox. Bisphosphonates may reduce vascular calcification indirectly by inhibiting bone resorption or directly by either physicochemical interference with hydroxyapatite crystal formation or biological interaction with vascular smooth muscle cell function in the vessel wall. LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /ki )
Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions