1. So, how did this colony thing work?
Chapter 2

2. England Explores America
John Cabot explored the east coast of North America & claimed it for England
Searching for a northern water route through North America to Asia (Northwest Passage)
Wanted outposts in N.A. to launch naval operations against the Spanish in the Caribbean.

3. Why England Colonizes Protestant Reformation
Anglican Church (not Catholic anymore, but keeps the same doctrine and traditions)
Puritans want to “purify” England’s church of all Catholic elements
Puritans share Calvinist beliefs (the people of the church pick the leaders of that church, not the king)
Direct challenge to the king’s authority

4. England’s 1st Colony
Sir Walter Raleigh builds 1st English settlement on Roanoke Island
In modern day North Carolina
Virginia Dare – 1st English child born in America
He names the land “Virginia” to honor Queen Elizabeth – the “Virgin Queen”
The colony was a failure- people just disappeared! This became known as the “Lost Colony”.

6. Jamestown 2nd colony built Built by the Virginia Company
In modern day Virginia
Named after King James I
Built by the Virginia Company
Joint-stock company
To make a profit off trade

7. Jamestown Has Problems
Location – Too close to sea – swampy and swarming w/ malaria-carrying mosquitoes
Colonists
Most were townspeople and had no idea how to live in the wilderness (hunt, farm, etc.)
Upper-class “gentlemen” refused to do manual labor
Governing council argued constantly – could not make decisions

8. Hard Times 1608 – there were 200 settlers in Jamestown
By the end of the year only 53 colonists were still alive
John Smith begins trading w/ the local Indians (Powhatan Confederacy)
Saved the remaining colonists and helped them through the first two winters

9. Starving Time 1609 – 400 new settlers come to Jamestown
Creates food crisis w/ winter approaching
John Smith already back in England
Settlers b/g to steal food from the Indians
Indians b/g to attack settlers
Starving Time  Winter of
Settlers ate dogs, rats, frogs, etc
Some even engaged in cannibalism
Spring 1610 only 60 settlers left

10. Tobacco Saves the Colony
John Rolfe
Learned to grow tobacco, sold it cheap
Jamestown was saved by the crop
Rolfe was actually the man who met & married the local native princess Pocahontas
This alliance will also help to make the colony a success