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Theme 1: Methods of teaching psychology as an academic discipline
Plan 1. History of teaching psychology as an academic subject 2. Modern psychological education: major trends and levels. 3. Methods of teaching psychology: the content, objectives and methodological bases 4. Principles of psychology teaching.
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Psychology has begun to study when another domestic scientific psychological thought was in the early stages of development, when the disparate representation of the psyche has not been brought into the system. Therefore, the earliest books on psychology in Russian are mostly textbooks and manuals.
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Psychology, for whatever reasons, was often included, or excluded from the curriculum. This once again confirms the fact that psychology as a discipline has a clear ideological orientation. In the history of the teaching of psychology in the russian education can distinguish two main periods: the pre-revolutionary and Soviet.
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In the 18th century, psychology has not been allocated in a separate subject, it was taught inside other disciplines (rhetoric, eloquence, logic). In 1755 Moscow state university was established. There were 3 compartments in it: legal, medical and philosophical. The traditions of the university were laid by it’s founder Lomonosov. His book named "Rhetoric" (1748) included elements of psychology.
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Later another book by A.Glagolev "Theory of Literature withdrawn from the principles of psychology" (1834) had appeared. In 1796, in Russia the first original experience of psychological knowledge systematization had appeared. That systematization was revealed in the book by Mikhailov "The science of the soul". The following famous date for Russia – This year psychology as a subject was introduced in secondary schools and was taught until 1819.
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Gymnasiums in this period became independent institutions
Gymnasiums in this period became independent institutions. They put two tasks for gymnasium: To prepare for studying at the University; To give complete education for those who did not intend to enter higher school.
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In 1815 the second attempt to systematize psychological knowledge had been undertaken. One say about the book of P.Lyubovsky "A Brief Guide to the experienced soul". The book consisted of 3 parts: 1) the sensitivity; 2) knowledge; 3) the desire, the will. Underlying - idealistic concept.
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Another interesting fact in the history of psychology development in Russia. At some universities (Moscow -1804, Harkovskiy- 1811, Kazan , Kiev ) there were opened Pedagogical Institutes. At these institutes there were psychological courses. But again psychology was taught as a philosophical discipline.
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In 1834 a fundamental book of A. I
In 1834 a fundamental book of A.I.Galich "The picture of man" was published. The book had a humanistic orientation. It was very important for future developing of psychology in Russia.
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At the beginning of the 20th century one can observe the atmosphere of general rise of interest in psychology all over the world. In 1905 psychology after 101 years later as well as logic was again introduced in secondary schools as a part of philosophy .It was also very important thing.
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Now, some words about famous scientist and founder of psychology Chelpanov Georgy. G.I.Chelpanov emphasized that psychology should serve as a preparatory step for the study of philosophy. By his opinion the central position should be given to theoretical psychology. He didnt recommend to get involved by exsperimental psihology. In 1892 G.I. Chelpanov his university course on psychology. In 1905 he published a textbook for secondary schools. In 1912 he founded the Institute of Psychology at Moskow State University.
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In 1892 G.I. Chelpanov his university course on psychology.
In 1905 he published a textbook for secondary schools. In 1912 he founded the Institute of Psychology at Moskow State University.
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In 1913 A. P. Nechaev published the booklet "How to teach psychology
In 1913 A.P.Nechaev published the booklet "How to teach psychology? Guidelines for teachers. He pointed, there are 3 tasks of teaching psychology: 1. teach meaningfully use a current expression of everyday speech: presentation, feeling, will, focus, character and mood; 2. teach to love meaningful mental labor, respect knowledge; 3. to form a morally valuable personality.
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A.P.Nechaev considered psychology in 3 ways:
1) as an independent academic subject; 2) as a part of philosophy; 3) as an introduction to pedagogycs. Nechayev believed that teaching psychology should be founded on a strictly factual basis, cause the activity of the students, accompanied by practical exercises.
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