1. Program of Studies − microscopes and telescopes
Demonstrate and explain the use of microscopes; and describe, in general terms, the function of eyeglasses, binoculars and telescopes
Investigate and describe the development of new technologies to enhance human vision (e.g., laser surgery on eyes, development of technologies to extend night vision)

2. Unit C: Light and Optical Systems
Optical Devices + Technologies
The Wave Model of Light & Electromagnetic Radiation

3. Optical Devices Microscopes Refracting Telescopes
Reflecting Telescopes
Binoculars
Magnifying/eye glasses
Fibre optics

4. Halogen
Incandescent bulb in which a tungsten filament is sealed in glass and filled with a halogen gas, such as iodine or bromine
Longer life
higher temperatures (brighter)
more efficient

5. LED- Light emitting diode
Require less energy ($) than incandescent bulbs
Used in Christmas lights, flashlights

6. Laser Eye surgery
Procedures that change the shape of the cornea to change the refraction

7. Night Vision goggles Increase the intensity of images
Typically used by the military

8. Infrared Cameras *thermal imaging
Detect infrared radiation
Sources that have high amounts of thermal energy show up as red, cooler areas are shown in blue

9. Waves

10. What is a wave? How do they behave?

11. Wave Model of Light Terms:
Crest: upper curve of the wave, measured from the rest position
Trough: lower curve
Amplitude: the height of the wave, measured from the rest position
Rest Position
Wavelength: how long the wave is, measured in nm, λ
Frequency: how often waves happen, measured in Hertz (Hz)

12. Wavelength, Trough, Crest
A wavelength is the distance from crest to crest or from trough to trough of a wave
It is measured in nm, nanometers. That’s 10-9 m, or m!

13. Wavelength

14. Which have higher energy? *both have the same amplitude

15. Amplitude + Frequency

16. InfraRED vs. ultraVIOLET
Radiation that has a higher frequency also has higher energy, and can pass through more dense material (x-rays). These have a relatively shorter wavelength.
Radio waves have the lowest energy, and longest wavelength

18. Wave Math!
Frequency is the number of cycles per unit time, measured in Hertz (Hz)
F = T (period, which is how many wavelengths)
t (time, measured in seconds)

19. Assignments: Wavelength worksheet EMR worksheet EMR
See pgs Science in Action
Or Topic 8 in Science focus 8

20. For example
What is the frequency of a wave that oscillates 24 times in 6 seconds?
F = T = 24 times = 4 Hz
t s

21. Other
Incoherent vs Coherent
Incandescent bulbs vs. Lasers

22. Rainbows
Blue Bends Best
Red Refracts Rotten