1. Chapter 9 Section 3 Industrialization Spreads
Objective: Evaluate the spread of industrialization through Europe & the United States.
Vocabulary: Stock & Corporation
New: The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 1700s. How do you think the ideas/products from this revolution spread from England to other countries?
Review: What does Urbanization mean?
Describe the average work week during the Industrial Revolution.
What happened to the girl in the child labor reading?

2. Setting the Stage
Great Britain’s favorable geography & its financial systems, political stability, & natural resources sparked industrialization
Eventually, the Industrial Revolution that began in Britain spread to both the United States & to continental Europe
Countries that had similar conditions to those in Britain prospered during industrialization

3. Industrial Development in the United States
America had fast-flowing rivers, rich deposits of coal & iron, & a supply of laborers made up of farms workers & immigrants
During the War of 1812, Britain’s blockade prevented the United States from trading international
The United States had to develop independent industries to produce products they could no longer import from Europe
What is a blockade?

4. Check for Understanding
What is a blockade?
Hint: We learned about this with Napoleon.
Sentence Starter A blockade is a ____________.

5. Industrialization in the United States
Samuel Slater emigrated to the United States & built a spinning machine from memory & partial design
Moses Brown opened the first factory in the United States however it only made one part of the finished product
Textiles led the way in industrialization in the United States
Factories popped up in Waltham, Lowell, & Lawrence, Massachusetts
Britain had forbidden engineers, mechanics, & toolmakers to leave the country
Young single women flocked from their rural homes to work as mill girls in factory towns (they could earn higher wages & have some independence)

6. Later Expansion of U.S. Industry
During the late 1800s, the United States experienced a technological boom
Along with the United State’s natural resources, a burst of inventions (electric light bulb & telephone) boosted the Industrial Revolution
Chicago & Minneapolis expanded during the 1800s because of the expansion of railroad lines
Businesses of all kinds began to merge together to form larger companies
Why would the light bulb & telephone be important during the Industrial Revolution?

7. Check for Understanding
Why would the light bulb & telephone be important during the Industrial Revolution?
Sentence Starter: They would be important because ____________________________.

8. The Rise of Corporations
Larger businesses required a great deal of money
Entrepreneurs sold shares of stock (certain right of ownership)
People who bought stocks were part owners of those companies
A corporation is a business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for its debts
Giant corporations made huge profits by reducing the cost of producing goods
What are some giant corporation that make big profits by reducing the cost of producing goods & selling them cheaper?
Carnegie (Steel Company)

9. Continental Europe Industrializes
The French Revolution & Napoleonic wars between – 1815 halted trade, interrupted communication, & caused inflation in some parts of continental Europe
European countries watched the gap widen between themselves & Britain
However, industrialization eventually reached continental Europe

10. Beginnings in Belgium
Belgium led Europe in adopting Britain’s new technology
William Cockerill illegally made his way to Belgium in 1799, carrying secret plans for building spinning machines
His son, John, built an enormous industrial enterprise
Belgium produced a variety of mechanical equipment

11. Germany Industrializes
Economic isolation & scattered resources hampered countryside industrialization in Germany
Germany began to copy the British model & sent their children to England to learn industrial management
Germany built railroads that linked its growing manufacturing cities
Germany’s economic strength spurred its ability to develop as a military power
By the late 1800s, a unified Germany became both an industrial & military giant
If Germany’s resources were scattered around the country why would it be important to have a railway system?

12. Expansion Elsewhere in Europe
For the rest of Europe, industrialization during the early 1800s proceeded by region rather than by country
In France, industrialization was controlled & as a result they didn’t have the social/economic problems caused by industrialization
For a variety of other reasons, many European countries did not industrialize
Geography (mountains), Lack of resources, social structure issues

13. The Impact of Industrialization
The Industrial Revolution shifted the world balance of power
Industrialization widened the wealth gap between industrialized & non- industrialized countries
Industrialized countries viewed poor countries as markets for their manufactured products
Imperialism was born out of the cycle of industrialization

14. Transformation of Society
Between 1700 & 1900, revolutions in agriculture, production, transportation, & communication changed the lives of people around the world
Industrialization revolutionized every aspect of society from daily life to life expectancy
Despite the hardships early urban workers suffered, population, health, & wealth eventually rose dramatically in all industrialized countries