1. Evolution and Speciation

2. Wednesday 12 June Mechanisms of Evolution Re-cap of Y12 ideas
Handouts: SLO’s, keywords, overview of the topic.
Re-cap of Y12 ideas: Scipad – Genetic variation pg 153, mutation pg 154 (plus Mutation ppts on Weebly – go through and take notes), gene flow pg 155, genetic drift pg , Natural selection pg 158

3. Thursday 13 June Darwin vs Lamarck
An introduction of the topic and the key differences between Lamarck and Darwins’ theories of evolution.
Lamarck vs Darwin – discussion/what were their key ideas to explain how animals change over time (speciation).
EiB pgs Lamarck, Darwin and Wiseman. For each:
What were their key ideas on evolution
How were their ideas different?
How did they test their ideas?
Finish yesterday’s activity

4. Friday 14 June Evidence for Evolution
SLO: Discuss the role of scientific evidence for evolution (range: fossil evidence, comparative anatomy, molecular biology and biogeography).
Orana Park Permisssion forms
Evidence for evolution ppt. Use Biozone ppt and this ppt to make your own notes.
Create a timeline for slides 14 – 19 (Biozone ppt)
Homework: Watch all of the Evidence to Evolution videos on Weebly and take notes.

5. Tuesday 18 June Evidence for Evolution
SLO: Discuss the role of scientific evidence for evolution (range: fossil evidence, comparative anatomy, molecular biology and biogeography).
Finish Evidence for Evolution ppt
Complete working through Biozone ppt and timeline and BZ pgs
BZ: Biogeographical evidence, pg 178
Evolution of the whale, pg 177
Homologous strucures, pg 185
Vestigial structures, pg 186

6. Wednesday 19 June Evidence for evolution: Amino acid sequencing, Immunological evidence
BZ: Biogeographical evidence, pg 178
Evolution of the whale, pg 177
Homologous strucures, pg 185
Vestigial structures, pg 186
Homologous proteins, pg
The molecular clock hypothesis. Pg 189
Homologous DNA sequences, pg 190
Going over answers (some)
Homework: BZ: Ocean Island colonisers, pg
Continental drift and evolution, pg

7. Thursday 20 June Variation in populations
SLO: Explain the role of mutation, gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift in evolution.
Keywords: evolution, mutation, selection.
Reminder: Processes that create change in populations – variation, differential reproduction, inheritance
Use the ‘evolution lab’ activity on to investigate the effect of selection on mutations and that mutations are random.
HOW and WHY the mutation rate and/or selection rate affects the evolution of your populations.
Homework: Mutations – ‘the good, the bad, and the ugly’. Find and use three specific examples of mutations to expand upon this statement.

8. Tuesday 25 June Evolutionary change at the population level
SLO: Explain the role of mutation, gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift in evolution.
Keywords: evolution, mutation, selection.
Compete ‘The role of variation in populations’ BZ pg 103
Define mutation, and give specific examples of useful, neutral and harmful mutations – from ppt and BZ pgs
Complete ‘Gene duplication’ BZ pgs
Homework: Complete any sheets not finished

9. Wednesday 26 June Egyptian Origami birds I
SLO: Explain the role of mutation, gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift in evolution.
Get into groups.
Origami birds activity – modelling key points of mutation and natural selection.
Carry out activity, recording results as you go.
Use you results to answer the discussion questions.
If time, you can try the extension activity.

10. Thursday 27 June Origami birds II
SLO: Explain the role of mutation, gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift in evolution.
Origami birds – Finish collecting results, discussion questions and extension if you have time.
Open ‘Processes and Patterns of Evolution’ and work through slides – taking notes etc, to create a summary of the processes of evolution (up to and including slide 25).
Homework: Finish working through ppt and making summary

12. Friday 28 June Types of Natural Selection
SLO: Explain the role of mutation, gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift in evolution.
Keywords: evolution, mutation, selection, population, gene pool, allele frequency, gene flow, natural selection, directional selection, stabilising selection, disruptive selection
Types of Natural Selection (Processes of Evolution ppt from slide 24) – filling out summary sheet and readings from EiB
Working through rest Processes of Evolution ppt, readings from EiB text as examples of types of natural selection, and questions from BZ.

13. Tuesday 2 July Genetic drift
SLO: Explain the role of mutation, gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift in evolution
Keywords: genetic drift, founder effect, bottleneck effect
Processes and patterns of evolution ppt from slide 36
Genetic drift – Jelly Bean Island activity
Founder effect – The Dunkers

14. Thursday 4 July Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
SLO: Describe ways in which speciation occur (range: sympatric, allopatric).
Keywords: species, allopatric speciation, sympatric speciation
Bottleneck effect - Ashkenazi Jews
Bottleneck in Ashkenazi Jews TED talk
EiB reading pgs
What is a species? Definition, BZ pg 125
An introduction to speciation Intro to speciation
Speciation – allopatric and sympatric
An exercise in speciation – thought exercise.
Isolating mechanisms

15. Tuesday 23 July Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms
SLO: Explain how reproductive isolating mechanisms contribute to speciation (range: geographical, temporal, ecological, behavioural, structural barriers, polyploidy).
Processes and patterns of evolution ppt Slides (Isolating mechanisms)
In pairs, research examples of reproductive isolating mechanisms – aim for one NZ eg, and one non-NZ eg for each of the RIM’s.

16. Wednesday 24 July RIM’s – prezygotic and postzygotic
SLO: Explain how reproductive isolating mechanisms contribute to speciation (range: geographical, temporal, ecological, behavioural, structural barriers, polyploidy).
Continue collecting examples of NZ/non NZ RIM’s – prezygotic and postzygotic
Finish Scipad pages and check answers
Reading ‘How do new species arise?’

17. Thursday 25 July Speciation and Polyploidy
SLO: Explain how reproductive isolating mechanisms contribute to speciation – polyploidy.
Keywords: polyploidy, allopolyploidy, autoployploidy, instant speciation
Sympatric speciation and polyploidy - ppt
Go to Weebly and take notes on Polyploidy from the ‘Polyploidy new’ ppt
Read and summarise key points EiB pgs and complete ‘Test your basics’ pg 227
Speciation in NZ – ppt
Scipad

18. Friday 26 July The species problem
SLO: Describe ways in which speciation occurs (explain how ‘clines’ and ‘ring species’ are problematic for the usual definition of a species).
Keywords: cline, deme, ring species, sub-species
Demes and clines
The problem with species – ppt slides (take notes as I can’t put this on Weebly).
Ring species Ring species - graphics
The species concept and ring species worksheet.

19. Tuesday 30 July Convergent and Divergent Evolution
SLO: Describe patterns of evolution using New Zealand examples.
Define ‘divergence’, ‘convergence
Use New Zealand examples to illustrate these patterns
Re-cap of instant speciation – polyploidy
The species problem
Using the ‘Patterns of Evolution’ ppt define divergent and convergent evolution, using examples.
Practice exam: one question – homework ready for swapping on Monday

20. Wednesday 31 July Patterns of evolution – Convergent and Divergent Evolution
SLO: Describe patterns of evolution using New Zealand examples.
Define ‘divergence’, ‘convergence’
Using the ‘Patterns of Evolution’ ppt define divergent and convergent evolution, using examples.
Notes and practice question.
Homework: Revising for exams, do next 2 questions for peer review by Thursday.

21. Thursday 1 August Co-evolution and parallel evolution
SLO: Describe patterns of evolution using New Zealand examples
Work through descriptions of co-evolution and parallel evolution.
BZ pages
Video and table summarising different types of evolution.

22. Friday 2 August Rates of Evolutionary Change
SLO: Describe patterns of evolution using New Zealand examples
Define ‘gradualism’ and ‘punctuated equilibrium’
Use New Zealand examples to describe and explain patterns of evolution
What are the patterns that explain the rate of evolutionary change? How are they different?
Using the textbooks, write SEXC paragraphs on gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
Write SEXC paragraphs for: convergent/divergent evolution, co-evolution and parallel evolution, using the books in the lab.

23. Tuesday 6 August Revision for Formative

24. Wednesday 7 August Formative test