2. Drill 9/26
Who was Gutenberg? What was the importance of his invention?

3. Gutenberg invented the printing press.
Though the Chinese had invented moveable type the Europeans did not know this
The printing press allowed for quick and cheap reproductions of books and other materials
New Ideas spread faster

4. The Reformation – A perfect storm
There were many factors that would allow for the Protestant Reformation to occur

5. Martin Luther Luther. Was a monk in Saxony (German state)
To raise money to rebuild a church another monk was selling Indulgences
Luther thought this was wrong and he criticized him

6. Martin Luther
As Luther would go on his criticism grew and eventually he ended up taking on the Church
The 95 Theses
Summed up in three themes:
People could win salvation only through faith in God
All Church teachings should be clearly based in the bible
All people of faith are equal. Therefore, Priests should not be needed to interpret the bible for them.

7. The Church response “NO.” In 1520 Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther
Holy Roman Emperor Charles V declared him a rebel and a heretic
Birth name: Giovanni di Lorenzo de Medici

8. The Holy Roman Empire The HRE
A collection of small counties, Duchies, city-states, Kingdoms
Modern-day Germany
Parts of Italy and Poland

9. HRE The Early Popes laid claim to the land
Charlemagne is considered one of the first HREs
The Emperor is crowned by the Pope, is always Catholic and had little real power

10. The independent cities conflict
Some of the “kingdoms” sided with Charles
Some with Luther
This came to all out war and rebellion
Protesting princes were given the name “Protestants”
1555, the Peace of Augsburg, treaty among the Catholic and Protestant sides

11. How did Luther’s ideas travel so fast?
Gutenberg’s printing press
Translated the bible into German
Made pamphleteering and propagandizing cheap
More people are literate after its invention