1. Lessons 1 & 2: A Pancake Recipe
Unit 1: Using Formulas
and Functions
Lessons 1 & 2: A Pancake Recipe

2. Lessons 1 & 2: A Pancake Recipe
Objectives:
Open and move an existing Google Sheets file in Google Drive
Understand the parts of a formula
Enter formulas in a spreadsheet
Copy and paste formulas
Understand relative and absolute cell references
Use absolute cell references in a spreadsheet
Use Autofill to copy cell information

3. Formulas
The equal sign tells the spreadsheet that a formula is about to start.
The operands identify the values to be used in the formula’s calculations.
Operators indicate the calculations to be done. The division (”/”) sign is the operator.
Some other operations that can be used are:
The references C6 & C3 are operands. For example: Cell C6 = 1
Cell C3 = 4
Addition  "+"
Subtraction  “-"
Multiplication  “x"

4. Understanding Formulas
Formula Bar
Double-clicking on a cell allows you to edit the cell.
The Formula Bar shows information contained in the selected cell.
A color code is used to show which formula reference matches which location shown on the spreadsheet.

5. Cell References in Formulas
Cell references allow you to enter formulas in one cell that use values from other cells.
Relative cell references
Absolute cell references

6. Relative Cell References+4
Explain to your class: In the above example, the cell is copied to another cell, 4 rows away. Hence, the row references each increase by 4.
Relative cell references in a formula are automatically updated if the formula is copied to other cells.
The update reflects the distance of the copy.
Spreadsheets use relative cell references by default.

7. Check Your Understanding
If you copied cell D5 to D8, what formula would appear in D8?
Ask students to answer before revealing.

8. Check Your Understanding
If you copied cell D5 to D8, what formula would appear in D8?
=F15

9. Check Your Understanding
If you copied cell D5 to F5, what formula would appear in F5?
Ask students to answer before revealing.

10. Check Your Understanding
If you copied cell D5 to F5, what formula would appear in F5?
=H12

11. Check Your Understanding
If you copied cell D5 to D8, what formula would appear in D8?
Ask students to answer before revealing.

12. Check Your Understanding
If you copied cell D5 to D8, what formula would appear in D8?
=F10

13. Absolute Cell References
Absolute cell references in a formula cause the reference to be locked.
The reference is not updated when the formula is copied.
A $ (dollar sign) indicates an absolute cell reference.
=$B2
Locks the column
Row is still updated
=B$2
Locks the row
Column is still updated
=$B$2
Locks the column and row

14. Autofill
Autofill allows you to copy information into multiple cells at one time.