1. Volume 36, Issue 4, Pages 557-559 (April 2012)
Actin' as a Death Signal 
Teunis B.H. Geijtenbeek 
Immunity 
Volume 36, Issue 4, Pages (April 2012)
DOI: /j.immuni
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 Clec9a Recognizes Actin Filaments Exposed in Necrotic Cells
The membrane skeleton lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is a multiprotein complex of F-actin, spectrin, and band 4.1. Spectrin crosslinks short F-actin filaments forming a network of scaffolding proteins that structurally support the plasma membrane. Protein 4.1 mediates formation of a ternary complex with spectrin and actin (top left). Necrosis leads to loss of membrane integrity, exposing the actin cytoskeleton. The necrotic cell is taken up by Clec9a+ DC subsets independently of Clec9a. F-actin exposed on necrotic cells is recognized by Clec9a, leading to Syk activation and subsequent routing of necrotic cell into the cross-presentation pathway. It is currently unclear whether Syk activation by F-actin leads to additional effects such as gene transcription of inflammatory genes.
Immunity  , DOI: ( /j.immuni )
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions