1. Winning the War in the South
Aim: How did the Americans win the war?

2. Fighting in the South
Commander-in-chief of the British army in 1778 was Sir Henry Clinton
Planned to march through the south and gain support from many southern loyalists
Quickly won battles at Savannah, Charleston and Camden

3. Patriots versus Loyalists
Patriots and Loyalists fought in the backcountry of Carolina
Launched violent raids, burned farms and killed and tortured civilians
By 1780 cruel attacks by the British and Loyalists resulted in added Patriot support

4. American Generals Arrive in the South
Nathanael Greene: from Rhode Island; second best American military leader
Daniel Morgan: from Virginia; implemented clever tactics to beat the British
Greene and Morgan help to turn tide of the war

5. Nathanael Greene Took command of Continental Army in the South in 1780
Had knowledge of local geography
Engaged British in unfamiliar territory
Wore out Cornwallis’s army by fighting on the move

6. Daniel Morgan Divided soldiers into a front and rear line
After two volleys had front line retreat
British soldiers caught by surprise when they ran into rear line
Won the Battle of Cowpens using this tactic
Greene and Morgan fought together in Greensboro; although they retreated, the British took huge casualties

7. Francis Marion From South Carolina; aka Swamp Fox
Led a militia; slept by day traveled by night
Used guerrilla/hit-run tactics
Attacked British by moving in and out of swamp lands

8. An American Traitor
Cornwallis failed to take the Carolinas and moved to Virginia because of previous success in area by Benedict Arnold
Arnold was a former American General who believed wasn’t given enough credit
While in command of West Point
secretly surrendered the fort to the
British

10. Battle at Yorktown Cornwallis had success in Charlottesville
Lafayette lacked men but kept the British in Yorktown
Cornwallis made the mistake of retreating to Yorktown peninsula
Washington and the French moved down from NY, while French fleet the Chesapeake Bay

12. British Surrender 16,000 troops laid siege to Cornwallis’ 8,000 troops
Cut off entry of all British supplies
Americans and French continued to attack while Cornwallis held out for weeks
October 19, 1781 the British surrendered their weapons and were forced to walk down the rows of American and French officers

14. Treaty of Paris (II) Peace talks began in Paris in 1782
Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay and Henry Laurens represented America
Britain was eager to end the war after their defeat and were willing to give the Americans what they wanted

16. Terms of the Treaty
Britain must recognize the United States as an Independent Nation
Borders extended from Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River and from the Great lakes to the northern border of Florida
Florida was given back to Spain
State legislatures must repay Loyalists for lost property
Treaty was ratified on April 15, 1783

17. How did the Americans win the War?
Geography: 3,000 mi away from Britain; Americans were in familiar territory
Foreign Aid: Spanish and French played a huge role in the American victory
Patriotism: American dedication