1. Unit 4 Flashcards

2. 155
He was a muckraker who wrote The Jungle during the Progressive Era.
Upton Sinclair

3. Progress reformer who established the Hull House in Chicago.
156
Jane Addams

4. 157
Muckraker who exposed political corruption in large cities.
Wrote The History of Standard Oil Company to expose unfair business practices.
Led to the bust up of monopolies and trusts
Ida
Tarbell

5. 167 The Jungle Book written by Upton Sinclair.
Exposed poor labor practices and unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industry.
Led to creation of the Food & Drug Administration & the Meat Inspection Act
The
Jungle

6. 168 Hull House Settlement house established by Jane Addams.
Social service agency that helped immigrants and working-class Americans learn home economics, cleanliness, English language, and legal rights.
Hull House

7. 169
Investigative journalists who wrote to expose the evils of society such as:
Political corruption
Child labor
Slum conditions
Two well known muckrakers were Upton Sinclair (food safety) and Ida Tarbell (monopolies).
Muckraker

8. 192 Efforts to improve conditions for the poor in cities Progressives
Muckrakers
Establishment of settlement houses (Hull House)
Passage of labor laws
Passage of laws to protect consumers.
More direct control of government through: initiative, referendum, recall
Efforts to improve conditions for the poor in cities

9. 190 Role of women in Reform movements Women’s suffrage (right to vote)
Child labor
Temperance (Prohibition)
Role of women in
Reform movements

10. 191
Progressive reform efforts led to better working conditions.
Reform of labor laws

11. 193 Conservation Movement and Development of National Parks/ Forests
Progressive Pres. Theodore Roosevelt helped to established the national park system to conserve land out west.
Ex: Yellowstone in Wyoming and Yosemite in California

12. 199 Federal oversight of the meat-packing industry
After Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, Congress passed laws to regulate the meat packing industry and required food be safe for consumers.
Examples:
Meat Inspection Act
Pure Food and Drug Act
Food & Drug Administration
Federal oversight of the meat-packing industry

13. 164
Term given to segregation laws. These laws resulted in inferior education, health care, and transportation for African-Americans.
Jim Crow Laws

14. 165
Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of Jim Crow laws.
Established the principle of “separate but equal”.
Plessy vs. Ferguson

15. 166
Organization that fought to overturn the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling.
Sought full social and economic equality for African-Americans.
NAACP

16. 170
Bill that originates with the citizens instead of lawmakers.
Citizens collect signatures to vote on a public issue.
Initiative

17. 172
A vote on an initiative
Referendum

18. 171
Citizens can remove public officials from office before their terms expire by organizing a recall election.
Recall

19. 173 17th Amendment Direct elections of senators.
Voters get to elect U.S. senators instead of them being chosen by the state legislatures.

20. 196 The debate over American Expansion
Reasons why many Americans supported expansion (or imperialism):
New Markets
Cultural superiority
Spread Democracy

21. 200 US involvement in Latin America
Protect U.S. investments in Latin America (sugar plantations in Cuba)
Acquire new American territories.
US involvement in Latin America

22. 194 The Spanish-American War (1898)
Also known as “The Splendid Little War” (lasted only 16 weeks).
US acquired Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Cuba (as protectorate)
U.S. emerged as a great world power
The Spanish-American War (1898)

23. 195 The war in the Philippines
After the US won the Spanish-American War, we kept the Philippines as an American territory.
The Filipinos rebelled, which led to the Philippine-American war (lasted 3 years, US won).
The Philippines remained an American territory until 1946.
The war in the Philippines

24. 174
Roosevelt
Corollary
Policy added to the Monroe Doctrine by Pres. Theodore Roosevelt announcing that the US had a right to intervene in Latin America.
U.S. would act as an international police force in the Western Hemisphere
“Speak softly and carry a big stick”.

25. 175
Biggest engineering project of the era (opened in 1914)
A shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Panama Canal

26. 158 Theodore Roosevelt US President remembered for:
Leading the Rough Riders in the Spanish-American War (1898).
Being a Progressive President.
Leading the conservation movement and establishing national parks system.
Supporting construction of the Panama Canal.
Issuing the Roosevelt Corollary.
Theodore
Roosevelt

27. 179 Unrestricted submarine warfare
Germany’s practice during World War I to use submarines to sink passenger and commercial ships belonging to the Allies.
Endangered US trade and American lives.
Led to the US decision to enter WWI.
Unrestricted submarine warfare

28. 197 Movement from US neutrality to engagement in World War I
When war broke out in Europe in 1914, the US was neutral, but eventually joined the Allies for these reasons:
Close cultural and economic ties to the Allies
Sinking of the Lusitania
Interception of the Zimmermann note
Germany’s use of unrestricted submarine warfare
Movement from US neutrality to engagement in World
War I

29. 180
Large-scale movement of southern blacks to the north during World War I in an attempt to find jobs and escape the Jim Crow south.
Great
Migration

30. 201 Domestic impact of World War I
Industries convert to wartime production.
Citizens are asked to support the war through conservation, recycling, volunteering & war bonds.
Great Migration occurs.
Espionage Act of 1917
18th & 19th amendments
Isolationist feelings develop after the war.
Domestic impact of World War I

31. 181
Passed during World War I and made it a crime to communicate any information that would interfere with US military operations or aid its enemies.
Was basically used to silence critics of the war.
Espionage Act

32. 159 Eugene V. Debs Socialist presidential candidate (three times).
Labor reform leader.
Sentenced to 10 years in prison for hindering military recruiting by making a speech against it during World War I.
Eugene V. Debs

33. 176
Prohibited the making, sale and transportation of “intoxicating liquors”.
Passed due to anti-German sentiment during WWI and Progressive reform efforts .
18th
Amendment

34. 177 Prohibition Movement to make alcohol illegal.
Due to Progressive reform efforts (by women) and anti-German sentiments during World War I.
Prohibition

35. 178
Gave women the right to vote (known as women’s suffrage)
19th
Amendment

36. 182
President Wilson gave a speech in which he described 14 points he thought were key to avoiding future wars.
The most important point called for the creation of an international peace-keeping organization (The League of Nations).
Wilson’s
14 Points

37. 183
International peace-keeping organization proposed by US President Woodrow Wilson.
The purpose was to prevent war through diplomacy.
The US never joined because of isolationist feelings in the US after WWI.
League of Nations

38. 184
Refers to the fear of communism that occurred in the US after communist revolutionaries established the Soviet Union.
Americans were scared that the Communists/Socialists movements would spread to the US.
Caused increased prejudice against immigrants and increased restrictions on immigration.
Red Scare

39. 202
Due to the Red Scare, laws were passed to restrict the number of immigrants allowed into the US.
Led to the rebirth of the KKK.
Led to increased feelings of nativism (favoring native born Americans over immigrants).
Effect of rising communism and socialism in the U.S. in regards to immigration

40. Henry Ford made automobiles more affordable by using the moving assembly line as a mass production technique.
160
Henry Ford

41. 161 Louis Armstrong Famous jazz musician who played the trumpet.
Nickname “Satchmo”.
Known for his sense of rhythm and improvisational skills.
Louis Armstrong

42. 162
African-American poet during the Harlem Renaissance.
Wrote about the lives of working class African-Americans.
Langston Hughes

43. 163 Irving Berlin Song writer associated with Tin Pan Alley.
Wrote “White Christmas” and “God Bless America”.
Irving Berlin

44. 185
Henry Ford used mass production to make the automobile affordable.
Mass production and the use of the assembly line allowed Ford Co. to make the automobile cheaper and more quickly – causing the price to go down.
Mass
production

45. 186
Popular form of music in the 1920s that originated in New Orleans among African-Americans and traveled up the Mississippi River to northern cities.
Popular during the Harlem Renaissance.
Louis Armstrong was a famous jazz musician of the time period.
Jazz

46. 187 Harlem Renaissance In NYC, most African-Americans lived in Harlem.
During the 1920s the Harlem Renaissance was a celebration of African-American culture through art and music.
Harlem
Renaissance

47. 188
An area in NYC where music producers, writers, and performers worked during the 1920s.
In addition to being an actual location in NY, Tin Pan Alley also became a term used to refer to the music industry in general.
Tin Pan Alley

48. 189 Impact of radio and movies
Radio and movies spread the popular culture of the 1920’s. Resulted in the first media stars.
Many conservatives worried that radio and movies would be immoral influences.
Impact of radio and movies

49. 198 Modern forms of expression
Jazz, poetry, songs, shows, fashion, radio, and movies were examples of modern forms of expression during the 1920s.
Modern forms of expression