1. Reconstruction
Begins

2. South is Destroyed
Reconstruction- ( ) the process of rebuilding the former Confederate States and readmitting them into the Union.

3. South is Destroyed
$ = worthless

4. Cities destroyed

5. South is Destroyed
Isolated

6. A Tale of Two Reconstructions
Presidential
Congressional
(aka: Radical)

7. President Lincoln’s Plan
Presidential
“With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds… to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.” --Second Inaugural Address, March 4, 1865

8. President Lincoln’s Plan
Presidential
Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction
Dec. 1863
10% of 1860 voters: Loyalty oath to U.S. Agree slavery is illegal STATE IS IN!!!
Full pardon (forgiveness) and restoration of property to everyone except highest ranking Confederates
10% PLAN

9. President Lincoln’s Plan
1864
NO WAY!

10. Congress’s Response Congressional (aka: Radical)
Wade-Davis Bill (July 1864)
Ironclad loyalty oath- only taken by those who did not voluntarily aid the rebellion
50% of voters take oath constitutional convention constitution must abolish slavery
Confederate leaders cannot vote or hold public office
Confederate states cancel all war debts

11. Congress’s Response
POCKET VETO
NOT LAW
Because Congress Adjourned

12. PRESIDENTIAL 1 1
CONGRESSIONAL
The Score in 1864

13. Slavery is illegal in U.S.
Slavery Ends
Passed Jan. 1865, ratified in Dec.
“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”
13th Amendment
Slavery is illegal in U.S.

14. Freedmen’s Bureau
Relief agency for freedmen and poor in the south- March 1865
Provided food & medical supplies
Established schools & colleges
Helped get land to farm or find work

15. Lincoln’s plan is forgiving and EXTREMELY easy for southern states to return to the United States as full fledge states….
Richmond, VA Dedicated 2003

16. The war ends.

18. President Johnson’s Plan
Presidential
Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes the president- not like Lincoln
Southerner who opposed equal rights for African Americans.

19. President Johnson’s Plan
10% of voters take loyalty oath
Form new government
Ratify 13th Amendment
Full pardon (forgiveness) and restoration of property to everyone who took oath
High ranking and wealthy Confederates had to apply for special pardon.
EPIC FAIL

20. President Johnson’s Plan
Many Southern state constitutions fell short of minimum requirements.
BLACK CODES
Johnson granted 13,500 special pardons.
Revival of southern defiance.