1. Early Years of the War
Section 2
Chapter 16

2. First Battle of Bull Run
First Major Battle of the Civil War
Manassas Va., July 21, 1861
Union Gen. Irwin McDowell attacks Confederate forces led by P.G.T. Beauregard
Reinforcements under Confederate Gen. Stonewall Jackson defeat Union soldiers
South Wins
Located in Northern Virginia

3. First Battle of Bull Run
A Shock for the North—began to realize that this would be a longer harder war
Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan to head the Union army of the East
Army of the Potomac

5. War at Sea Abraham Lincoln orders a blockade of Southern ports.
Prevented the South from exporting cotton and importing war supplies
South challenged the blockade by using blockade runners
Blockade reduced trade by two-thirds

6. War at Sea Monitor vs. Merrimack
Confederate forces covered the Merrimack with Iron plates and attacked Union ships.
March 9th 1862 Union Iron Ship the Monitor meets the Merrimack (renamed—Virginia)
Neither ship could be destroyed—marked a new era in naval warfare.

8. War in the West
North's first strategic goal in the West was to gain control of the Mississippi and Tennessee River.
Union launched operations from Cairo, Illinois under the command of Ulysses S. Grant.
Union forces capture Confederate Forts Henry and Donnellson—Feb
Grant had many victories and was famous for his “unconditional surrenders”

10. The Battle of Shiloh
Corinth, Mississippi was the location of the Battle of Shiloh.
The battle lasted 2 days—April 6th and 7th 1862
Some of the bloodiest fighting of the war
First day Confederates drive Grant back
2nd day reinforcements come and Union gains ground
Grant and the North are victorious
More the 20,000 causalities

12. New Orleans Falls
Union naval forces under the command of David Farragut capture New Orleans
April 25, 1862
Confederates could no longer use Mississippi River to carry its goods to sea
Union forces control Mississippi River

14. War in the East
George McClellan’s goal in March of 1862 was to capture Richmond Va.
McClellan begins the Peninsular Campaign-major offensive operation against Richmond Va.
Moves troops by ship to Richmond
McClellan delays attack—fails to capture Richmond

15. War in the East
McClellan finally meets Confederates at the 7 Days Battles
Lee Commands Confederate forces
Delays allow South to prepare their defense of Richmond.
Confederate cavalry leader J.E.B. Stuart leads his men in a circle around the Union army to gather tactical information
Lee drives McClellan’s Union forces back to James River—defeating McClellan

16. Gloom in the North Northerners had little hope
Call for 300,000 more volunteers—little respond
Lincoln orders McClellan to join troops led by Major Gen. John Pope
Stonewall Jackson’s troops attack a Union supply base at Manassas
Union Gen. John Pope meets Confederate Gen. Stonewall Jackson at the 2nd Battle of Bull Run—August 29, 1862
Confederates win battle—only 20 miles from Washington D.C.

18. The Battle of Antietam
Jefferson Davis orders Lee to launch an offensive into Maryland
The Union forces find a copy of Lee’s orders in a field near Frederick, Md.
September 17, 1862 becomes the bloodiest day of the War—Battle of Antietam
Union troops claims victory
McClellan refuses to chase Lee into Virginia—Lincoln fires McClellan and replaces him with Burnside