1. Windows Networking ICCM 2004 Tim Young

2. What does networking give you?
Peer to Peer Networking:
Sharing one backup system
Sharing printers
Sharing some databases
Making administration easier
Allowing the same files to be available to multiple people.
Peer to Peer

3. What does networking give you?
Client/Server Networking
Everything that Peer-to-Peer gives you
Better security
Enforce users & passwords
Who can log into which computer
Per-File security. Who can access which files.
More active connections
Win XP only allows 10 connections
And share specific network services
Client / Server

4. Network Fundimentals No not use: Use TCP/IP
NetBEUI
IPX /SPX
Use TCP/IP
More efficient with a slightly larger network
You will be using it anyway for your Internet
Make sure you have a default protocol set!
More about this later

5. Peer to Peer
Peer-To-Peer
Basics:
Most people use P2P when they first start networking their computers.
Peer to Peer means that all the computers are “equal”
But because there needs to be some “leadership,” the computers “elect” a temporary “leader” every few minutes.
This leader is called the browsemaster

6. Broadcast Packets
Peer to Peer
Most communication should be from one computer to another.
Peer to Peer
But Broadcast packets go from one computer to all computers

7. Broadcast Packets
Most communication should be from one computer to another.
But Broadcast packets go from one computer to all computers

8. Peer-To-Peer The Browsemaster
Holds the list of computers in the “network Neighborhood”
Calls for a “census” every so often
New computers “register” themselves with the browsmaster when they connect to the network.
Is elected from amongst the “peers”

9. Peer-To-Peer The Electoral process
Any computer can “force an election.”
Computers vote for themselves according to their own self-worth.
Takes into consideration operating system
Takes into consideration computer speed
The winner remains browsemaster until the next election.
This process makes lots of broadcast “noise”

10. Peer-To-Peer Growing and shrinking neighborhoods.
This may be due to not having default protocols
Whoever becomes the browsemaster requires other computers to use it’s default protocol.
If other computers do not have that protocol then they do not appear in the browse-list
Until the leadership changes to a protocol that all computers understand, the list will be short.

11. Client Server There are two types of Windows client server networking:
Active Directory (2000, XP, 2003)
Non Active Directory (Pre Windows 2000)
Client computers can function under the leadership of either type.
Performance is greatly degraded if the client was not originally created for that system.
Security is lost, computers are inefficient.

12. Client Server Non Active Directory
Users, groups, file permissions
The browsemaster is still elected
but the server always wins
You can turn off the election process. (look at the properties of the file and print sharing)

13. Client Server Non Active Directory
Works best with Windows 95, 98, and ME
Windows 2000 and XP are inefficient.
They default to Active directory methods
After those fail, they will fall back to the older style resolution.

14. Client Server Active Directory
On large networks the non Active Directory system is very inefficient
Active Directory (AD) was created after the problems with the old system were understood.
AD is based off standard Internet services that have been modified slightly.

15. Client Server Active Directory
AD is complex, but runs much smoother
AD requires an AD server
Windows 2000 server, XP Server, 2003server
Linux does part of what the Windows servers do, but not all.

16. Client Server Active Directory
AD uses DNS
Also known as DDNS, Dynamic Domain Name Service (or System)
AD uses LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
AD uses Kerberos
A secure authentication scheme

17. Client Server Active Directory
DDNS
Instead of using a broadcast system for finding computers, the client queries the server
The list contains more information than just the browse-list
Clients register network services also
So it is possible to search the network for particular services by querying the DDNS server.

18. Client Server Active Directory
LDAP
It is simply important to know it exists and that AD uses LDAP.
Advanced users will need to understand LDAP
Kerberos
AD uses kerberos authentication.
Basic users need to be aware of this
Advanced users will need to understand some of it.

19. Client Server Active Directory
Setting up AD
There are wizards to help you set this up
The biggest issue is that you MUST have proper DNS set up for it to work.
The PDF has links to Microsoft web-sites
We recommend the hands-on Windows Server install Today during ICCM (6/3/2004)

20. Client Server Adding Servers
If you had a Peer to Peer network previously and wish to add a server
There are significant issues to be aware of
On XP and 2000, Domain users are distinct from local users even if the names are the same.
This causes grief with
user profiles
file permissions
program accessibility and functionality

21. Notes: Win98 & AD
Windows 9x computers do not receive the full benefit of an AD environment
You miss out on some of the security
You miss most of the management functions
You can download a file from Microsoft to allow Win9x to have some of the AD functions.

22. Notes: XP with non-AD
XP works well with either peer-to-peer or non AD environments, though it is inefficient.
XP by default broadcasts to locate other computers and services on the network.
You can disable this functionality.

23. Notes: XP Home vs. XP Pro XP Home is “unmanaged”
Pro comes with a lot of helpful management tools
XP Home does not work with AD
XP Home does not join a domain
XP (Home and Pro) have a connection limit of 10 that cannot be changed.
Windows 98 had a connection limit of 100 that is changeable

24. Which Session Next? Hands-On: Windows Server Install
If you are using Active Directory
If you think you will be moving to AD
Basic: Networking 101
If you are doing peer-to-peer
If you will probably continue doing P2P
Security 101
Good for everyone.