1. Period 2:
APUSH

2. 1. Spanish, French, and Dutch Colonization in America
Casta system
System where race and parentage determines your social importance
European -> Metis -> Mulatto
Mulatto
Person with one white and one black parent
Mother’s status determines if you’re free or enslaved
Metis
Person with one white and one Native American parent

3. 3. New England Colonies Great Migration to Massachusetts, 1630-1640
Starting with 700 people led by Jon Winthrop, Puritans moved from England, and brought 20,000 people – mostly families – to New England over 10 years
Pilgrims
Separatists who left England in search of religious freedom
Sailed to America on the Mayflower in 1620
Established a colony in Plymouth
Puritans*
English Protestants who wanted to create a “community of saints” or a “city upon a hill” that would serve as a model of Christianity
Providence Rhode Island, 1636
Founded by Rodger Williams who started colony with people he took from Massachusetts
First free English colony to establish separation of church and state, complete religious freedom
Yeoman farmer***(#2) puritans came during Great Migration, Massachusetts members of the Church of England, dour sad people who hated life

4. Homework
#4 in study guide
Pages 22-24, and questions 1-5 in the book

5. 5. Southern and British West Indies Colonies
Chesapeake*
Common term for the two colonies of Maryland and Virginia
Founded on the Chesapeake Bay
Indentured servitude*
System of labor in which a company or individual payed a person’s passage to America in return for repayment in the form of labor

6. 5. Southern and British West Indies Colonies
Jamestown, 1607
First permanent English settlement in North America
Located in Virginia
Went through a period known as “the Starving Time”, where colonists suffered from lack of planning
John Smith was able to provide leadership needed to make the colony successful
John Rolfe
British colonist responsible for figuring out the best way to grow and cure tobacco

7. 5. Southern and British West Indies Colonies
Headright system
Grant of 50 acres of land to anyone who brought a new colonist to Virginia
Georgia, 1732
Founded by James Oglethorpe as a haven for debtors
Last of the original 13 British colonies in North American

8. 6. The Atlantic Economy Mercantilism Triangular trade
Economic system based on trade in which a nation establishes colonies for its own economic benefit
Triangular trade
System of trade between Africa, the Caribbean and American colonies that involved slaves, cash crops, and manufactured goods

9. Homework
#7 – all
Pages 25-37

10. 8. Slavery in the British Colonies
First Africans brought to America, 1619
Dutch ship brought 20 Africans to Virginia
Until 1680 indentured servants outnumbered African enslaved peoples
Chattel slavery*
System of labor in which one person is owned as property of another
Owner has absolute power over life and liberty of the slave
Chattel – personal property
Middle passage
Route followed by indentured servants and slaves across the Atlantic to America

11. 8. Slavery in the British Colonies
Stono Rebellion, 1739
South Carolina slave revolt that prompted the colonies to pass stricter laws regulating the movement of slaves and capture of runaways
New York Conspiracy, 1741
Plot by slaves and poor whites to burn New York
170 people arrested for participating
Most hanged, burned or deported

12. 9. British Colonies in America before 1754
House of Burgesses, 1619
Elected lawmaking body established by the Virginia Company to allow representative government in Virginia
Mayflower Compact, 1620
The first social contract for a New England colony
Drafted and signed by 41 adult male Separatists fleeing religious persecution by King James of England
Granted political rights to all male colonists who would abide by the colony’s laws
Elaborate on House of Burgesses

13. 9. British Colonies in America before 1754
The Enlightenment (Age of Reason)*
18th century philosophy movement that emphasized reason and individualism rather than tradition and faith
Great Awakening, 1730s-1760s*
Evangelical religious revival that swept through North American colonies
Strengthened belief in religious freedom
Challenged the status of the established church

14. 9. British Colonies in America before 1754
George Whitefield
Christian preacher, whose tour of the English colonies attracted big crowds and sparked the Great Awakening
Jonathan Edwards
Pastor and revivalist who served as the most important leader of the Great Awakening
Wrote “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
Became representative of the evangelical beliefs of the Great Awakening
Though vast multitudes of God's enemies lock arms together, they are easily broken in pieces. They are like dandelions blowing in the wind, or a large dry field in the path of a wild brush fire. It is easy for us to step on and squish a worm that we see crawling on the ground, or cut a tiny thread holding something together. It is that easy for God, when He pleases, to cast His enemies down to hell.

15. Homework
#9 – c, d, e,
Reading: (excluding “Native Americans” secondary source)

16. 10. Colonial Resistance to British Rule
Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676
Armed rebellion in Virginia against Governor William Berkley who had support of British government
Forces from England come to suppress rebellion and reform colonial government to be more directly under royal control
Leisler’s Rebellion, 1689
Rebellion against royal officials representing the Dominion of New England
Led by Jacob Leisler, a German merchant from New York
Executed when he refused to surrender to a royal governor

17. 10. Colonial Resistance to British Rule
Wool Act, 1699
English law that made it illegal to ship wool from the American colonies
Designed to assist British wool industry
Molasses Act, 1733
British law that established a tax on British imports on molasses, sugar, and rum from non-British colonies
Law was loosely enforced and New England imported a great deal of West Indian sugar for manufacturing rum
Smuggling
as a way of ignoring British restrictions on colonial trade, colonists engaged in widespread smuggling
Smugglers who got caught were often freed by sympathetic American juries

18. 10. Colonial Resistance to British Rule
Navigation Acts,
Attempt by England to assert its control over American trade by passing a series of laws that regulated colonial trade to English benefit
Salutary neglect
Unofficial British policy of non-enforcement of trade laws
Lasted through most of the 1600s and 1700s