1. Understanding Culture
Chapter 3.1
Understanding Culture

2. What is Culture?
Culture-the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs
A culture is comprised of 8 elements

3. What is Culture? Social groups- e.g. rich, poor, and middle classes
Ethnic groups- people who share a common history, language, religion, and physical characteristics

4. What is Culture? Language- e.g. English, French, Spanish
Dialect- local form of a language that differs from the same language in other areas
The most unifying force for a group of people

5. What is Culture?
Religion- e.g. Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism
Gives people meaning
Helps to define right vs. wrong
Helps shape different areas of the world

6. What is Culture? Christianity
Christians believe that Jesus Christ was sent to Earth and died on a cross to save humanity.

7. What is Culture? Buddhism
To escape suffering, people must follow the eightfold path (rules that lead to morality and wisdom) which leads to a blissful state (nirvana)

8. What is Culture? Hinduism
Believe in reincarnation (after death the soul is reborn)

9. What is Culture? Islam Believe in one God, Allah
Follow the teachings of the Quran (Koran)
Of which the teachings Muhammad said were revealed to him by Allah

10. What is Culture? Judaism Believe in one God, Yahweh
By following God’s laws in the Torah (first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible) Jews believe they will have peace with God and one another

11. What is Culture?
Daily Life- e.g. how people eat, what foods they eat, clothes, and where they live

12. What is Culture? History- shapes how we view the world
Holidays/celebrations
Major world events like WWII
Victories/defeats
Heroes
Major disasters

13. What is Culture?
Arts- e.g. painting, sculptures, architecture, dance, music, theater

14. What is Culture? Government- creates rules and laws
Democracy- powers rest with the people of the nation
Dictatorship- absolute rule by a dictator who usually assumes power by force
Monarchy- kings or queens are born into a ruling family and inherit their power to rule

15. What is Culture?
Economy- how people in society earn a living

16. What is Culture?
Cultural diffusion- spreading new knowledge and skills to other cultures
Culture region- different countries that have common traits
e.g. economies, governments, social groups

17. Chapter 3.2
Population Patterns

18. Population Patterns
Death rate- number of people out of 1,000 who die each year
Birthrate- number of people born each year for every 1,000 people

19. Population Patterns
Since 1950, world food production has increased faster than population on all continents except Africa
Famine- lack of food

20. Population Patterns
Population distribution- where do you want to live?
Population density- average number of people living in a square mile or kilometer
(p.88 & 89)

24. Population Patterns
Urbanization- movement from farms and villages to cities
Emigrate- exit/leave the country where you are born and move to another
Immigrate-move into a country
Refugees- people who flee to another country to escape persecution or disaster

25. Resources and World Trade
Chapter 3.3
Resources and World Trade

26. Resources and World Trade
Natural resources- products of the earth that people use to meet their needs
Renewable resources- cannot be used up or can be replaced naturally
Nonrenewable resources- minerals found within the earth that cannot be replaced
Coal, oil

27. Resources and World Trade
Economic systems- sets rules for deciding what goods and services to produce, how to produce them, and who receives them

28. Resources and World Trade
4 types of economic systems (page 94)
Traditional- based on customs handed down from generation to generation
Command- government makes all decisions
Market- individuals make decisions about what & how to produce
Mixed- aspects of 2 of the above

29. Resources and World Trade
Export- trade TO other countries/goods exit
Import- buy FROM another country/goods come into

30. Resources and World Trade
Barriers to trade
Tariff- tax added to the price of goods that are imported
Quota- number limit on how many items can be imported from another country

31. Resources and World Trade
Free Trade- removing trade barriers so that goods flow freely among countries
NAFTA, EU

32. Resources and World Trade
Differences in Development
Developed countries- countries that have a great deal of manufacturing
Developing countries- still working toward industrialization
Underdeveloped-countries with little or no industrialization

33. Development of Countries Around the World
Dark Navy: Most developed countries
*The lighter the color, the less developed.

34. Technology Shrinks the World
Chapter 3.4
Technology Shrinks the World

35. Effects of Technology
Information revolution- people can talk instantly with others practically everywhere on earth

36. Effects of Technology Transportation technology
Communication technology

37. Globalization Civic participation- being an involved citizen
Rights- benefits and protections guaranteed to you by law
Responsibilities- duties you owe to other citizens and your government

38. Globalization
Interdependence- countries depend on one another for goods, materials, and the markets in which to sell goods
Globalization- development of a WORLD culture and interdependent economy