1. Routine enlargement of the small aortic root: a preventive strategy to minimize mismatch 
Luis J Castro, MD, Joseph M Arcidi, MD, Audrey L Fisher, BS, Vincent A Gaudiani, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 74, Issue 1, Pages (July 2002)
DOI: /S (02)

2. Fig 1
Operative technique of aortic root enlargement. A standard oblique aortotomy (a) is extended down through the commissure between the left and noncoronary sinuses, into the base of the anterior mitral leaflet (b). A 30-mm Hemashield tube graft is cut to form a long elliptical patch (c). The patch is sewn with a single running 3-0 Prolene generously inverting the suture line (d). Pledgetted sutures are placed from outside the patch to within in a curvilinear direction to maximally use the span of the patch (e). The aortic prosthesis is seated in a supraannular position (f). The aortotomy is closed in its entirety with the Hemashield patch (g).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , 31-36DOI: ( /S (02) )

3. Fig 2
Labeled valve size distribution of all aortic valve replacements (AVR) with and without aortic root enlargement (ARE).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , 31-36DOI: ( /S (02) )