1. School of Public & Environmental Affairs
The Potential for an Intersection of REDD, Carbon Markets, and Community Forest Management in a Post-Kyoto International Climate Change Regime
Erica Bramlet
School of Public & Environmental Affairs

2. Outline Why is this problem worth solving? REDD+ in its current form
How carbon markets play into this
Community forest management principles
How it should all be combined & why this is the best method

4. Source: Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change, 2006

5. Ecosystem Benefits Biodiversity Culture Maintains Watersheds
Prevents global warming
Prevents flooding & erosion

6. What is being done about it
UNFCCC Parties
1992: Earth Summit, all voluntary
1997: Kyoto Protocol, binding global targets
Annex 1 countries vs. non-Annex 1 countries
How to account for forestry emissions?
UN-REDD+
Offsets to preserve, not re-plant
Other agencies (REDDiness)

7. Potential REDD+ funding mechanism Accounts for negative externalities
The Market’s Role
Potential REDD+ funding mechanism
Accounts for negative externalities

8. Common Pool Resource Management
Clearly Defined Boundaries
Agreement between provision rules and local conditions
Collective-choice arrangements
Monitoring
Graduated Sanctions
Conflict resolution mechanisms
Right to organize recognized by government

9. Putting It All Together
REDD+
Community Forest Management
Carbon Markets

10. Weighing Benefits & Risks
National Approach
Local Management/ National Accounting Approach
High program failure costs
Self-Monitoring
Minimal leakage
Direct incentives for sustainable management leading to local economic development
High monitoring costs
Corruption
Forest bureaucracy may already be set up
Weighing Benefits & Risks

11. Conclusion
Trees act as Earth’s natural thermostat, along with many other benefits
The Kyoto Protocol did not address deforestation, but the establishment of UN-REDD+ means it will probably be in the next global climate change agreement
Proposed changes to make REDD+ work:
Local stakeholders MUST be involved in management
Utilize a carbon market to make the program financially independent from NGOs and responsive to market signals
National governments should become more accountable for protecting property rights

12. Questions & Acknowledgements
“We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us. When we see land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect.”
-Aldo Leopold