1. Onboard Garbage Management

2. It is estimated that more than 8 million litter items end up in the marine environment every day
Source: UNEP, 2004

6. Where does all this litter come from?
20% from sea-based activities
Merchant vessels of all types
Cruise ships
Pleasure craft
Fishing vessels
Offshore installations
80%from land-based activities
Litter reaches the sea from inland communities
via runoff, rivers and the wind
Poorly managed municipal and industrial waste
Irresponsible conduct of beachgoers and other
coastal users
Source: UNEP, 1995

10. Plastic pollution – the great unknown
The increasing accumulation of plastics in the oceans, also referred to as garbage patches, is causing global concern.
Plastic litter does not biodegrade, rather it breaks into small pellets and enters the food chain leaching chemical substances.

12. Environmental impacts
Marine litter poses a lethal threat to marine wildlife, which is injured or killed either by entanglement or through the consumption of plastic and other dangerous waste items.
It is estimated that globally 1 million seabirds and 100,000 marine mammals and sea turtles die each year due to marine litter.

15. Socio-economic impact
Visual pollution: Marine litter deters tourists.
Cleanup costs: The removal of litter from beaches costs more than investing in the awareness raising of beach users towards a more responsible environmental conduct..
Damage to boats: Driftnets, fishing line and ropes may tangle around the propeller causing serious damage to boats.
Threat to human health: Danger of injury or infection from broken glass, rusty nails, medicinal and sanitary waste.

18. Top 10 marine litter items worldwide Source: Ocean Conservancy, 2011

22. MARPOL Annex V – Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships
In force since December 1988 – Sets out the management framework for all types of solid
waste (food, domestic and operational) on board the vessel.
Establishes vulnerable sea regions as Special Areas, where stricter requirements are applied.
Specifies exception when disposal over board is necessary for safety reasons.
Requires for all vessels above 400 GT:
- the operation of a Garbage Management Plan to include written procedures for collecting ,
storing, processing and disposing of garbage, including the use of equipment on board.
Should designate responsible person for carrying out the plan and should be in working
language of the crew.
- the keeping of a Garbage Record Book with details on all disposal and incineration
operations. To be maintained onboard for 2 years following last entry.
Requires Governments to provide adequate port reception facilities
for delivery of ship’s waste.

27. Recyclables

29. MARPOL Annex V review Enters into force on 1st January 2013.
Introduces a general ban on the disposal of all garbage into the sea, including used cooking
oil.
Garbage Management Plan for all vessels above 100 GT
Disposal of food waste allowed only en route in the following cases:
- 3 n.m. from the nearest land if grinded (12n.m. in Special Areas),
- 12 n.m. from the nearest land when not grinded,
Disposal of deck washings allowed only en route when these don’t contain dangerous for
the environment chemical substances.
Disposal of cargo residues allowed only en route
at 12 n.m. or more from the nearest land under
specific circumstances.

37. Thank you for your attention!
Questions