1. Fetal Pig Dissection

2. External Anatomy
1. Determine the sex of your pig by looking for the urogenital opening. (this is where liquid waste (urine) exits the body) On females, this opening is located near the anus. On males, the opening is located near the umbilical cord.

4. If your pig is female, you should also note that urogenital papilla is present near the genital opening. Males do not have urogenital papilla.
 this is a flap of tissue covering the opening of the vagina.
Both males and females have rows of nipples, and the umbilical cord will be present in both.
What sex is your pig? _________
Now that you know the sex, name your pig!

6. 2. Make sure you are familiar with terms of reference: anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral.

7. Anterior: Near the front or near the head
Posterior: Near the back or near the hind end
Dorsal: Upper side of back
Ventral: Underside of an animal

8. 3. Open the pig’s mouth and locate the hard and soft palate on the roof of the mouth. Can you feel your own hard and soft palates with your tongue?

9. Note the taste buds (also known as sensory papillae) on the side of the tongue.

10. Feel the edge of the mouth for teeth.
Does your fetal pig have teeth?
Like all young mammals, fetal pigs have milk teeth (baby teeth) that are later replaced by permanent teeth.

11. Are humans born with teeth?
Hint: Teeth are aimed to bite and grind food particles for further digestion
Baby teeth in humans normally tends to appear around 6 months in age, although some babies are born with one or more visible teeth, known as natal teeth.

12. Gestation
the carrying of young in the uterus from conception to delivery

13. 5. Observe the toes of the pig.
How many toes are on the feet? Do they have an odd or even number of toes?

14. 6. Observe the eyes of the pig
Carefully remove the eyelid so that you can view the eye underneath. Does it seem well developed? Do you think pigs are born with their eyes open or shut? __________________
They are born shut, and will open within 1-5 minutes of birth!

15. Masseter Muscle

16. External Anatomy- label

17. Internal Anatomy of Fetal Pig
In this activity, you will open the abdominal and thoracic cavity of the fetal pig and identify structures. Remember, that to dissect means to "expose to view" - a careful dissection will make it easier for you to find the organs and structures. Be sure to follow all directions.

18. The Incision
Place your fetal pig in the dissecting pan ventral side up. Use string to "hog-tie" your pig so that the legs are spread eagle and not in your way. Use a scalpel to cut through the skin and muscles according to the diagram. Do not remove the umbilical cord. In the first section, you will only examine the abdominal cavity (the area below the ribcage).

19. Umbilical Vein
After completing the cuts, locate the umbilical vein that leads from the umbilical cord to the liver. You will need to cut this vein in order to open up the abdominal cavity.

20. Your pig may be filled with water and preservative, drain over the sink if necessary and rinse organs. Locate each of the organs below, check the box.

21. Organs: Diaphragm

22. Organs: Liver and Gall Bladder

23. Organs: Stomach and Esophagus

24. Organs: small intestine

25. Organs: Pancreas

26. Organs: Spleen

27. Organs: Large Intestine

28. Organs: Kidneys

29. Label: Organs in Abdominal Cavity
1._____esophagus___
2. _____liver_______________
3. _____gall bladder_________
4. ____bile duct___________
5. ____stomach____________
6. ____duodenum_____________
7. ____pancreas______________
8. ____small intestine_______
9. ____spleen_____________
10. ___cecum_____________
11. ___large intestine__________
12. ___rectum_____________
13. ___umbilical arteries__________

30. Identify the organ (or structure)
14. Liver Largest organ in the body Gall bladder Stores bile, lies underneath the liver Rectum This opens to the outside of the pig, or the anus Diaphragm Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity; aids breathing Small intestine Made up of the duodenum and the ileum StomachThis organ churns and breaks down food Bile duct Empties bile into the small intestine from the gall bladder Kidneys Removes harmful substances from the blood Pancreas Bumpy structure under the stomach; makes insulin Spleen This stores blood and is not part of the digestive system.