1. FOUR-WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM
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2. Topics Covered Introduction Why Four-wheel Steering (4WS) System?
Types
Mechanical
Hydraulic
Electro-hydraulic
Actual 4WS
Fail-safe measures
Advantages
Application
Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
What is 4WS?
How does it work?

4. Why Four-wheel Steering (4WS) System?

5. Types
Mechanical
Hydraulic
Electro-Hydraulic

6. Mechanical 4WS System
Inside a rear-steering gear box is a simple planetary gear setup

7. Hydraulic 4WS System
Simple Hydraulic 4WS System

8. Electro-hydraulic 4WS System
An Electronically & Hydraulically controlled 4WS System using a Stepper motor & Control yoke

9. Actual 4WS Rack and pinion front steering, hydraulically controlled
Rear-steering shaft
Vehicle speed sensors
Steering-phase control unit
Centering lock spring
Solenoid valve

10. Fail-safe measures Hydraulic failure Electrical failure
Positioning of the wheels

11. Advantages of 4WS Speed can be varied Improved maneuverability
Slow Medium Fast

12. Better handling in tight corners Better parking Stability is increased
4WS WS

13. Application

14. Conclusion Advantageous to 2WS Complex and expensive
Cost may drop as the system becomes common

15. THANK YOU