1. Programming Fundamental-1
Instructor Name: Muhammad Safyan
Lecture-3

2. Cout<< (Statement)
cout << x;
cout << x + x;
cout << "x=";
cout << "x = " << x;
cout << x + y << " = " << y + x;
// cout << "x + y = " << x + y;

3. Cin>> (Statement)
known as input stream in C++. cin takes data from keyboard and sends it to the memory variable. For the moment it is a screen of the monitor .
cin >> x;
cin >> x >> y;

4. Escape Sequence Character
Notes:
Escape Sequence Character
Escape Sequence are Non-printable and control characters to control the output, represented by a so-called escape sequence, which begins with a back-slash (\)
Escape Sequence
Description \n
New-line (or Line-feed) \r
Carriage-return \t
Tab
\"
Double-quote (needed to include " in double-quoted string) \'
Single-quote \\
Back-slash (to resolve ambiguity) \b
backspace
Cout<<“\n”;
Cout<<x<<“\n”<<y;

5. Escape Sequence Character
Notes:
Escape Sequence Character
Cout<<“\n”;
Cout<<x<<“\n”<<y;
Endl (end of line)
cout << "*\n**\n***\n****\n*****" << endl;

6. Quadratic Equation In algebra In C y = ax2 + bx + c
y = a*x*x + b*x + c

7. Discriminant b2 - 4ac 2a = b*b - 4*a*c /2 *a Incorrect answer Solution
= (b*b - 4*a*c) /(2 *a) Correct answer

8. Interesting Problem
Given a four-digit integer, separate and print the digits on the screen

9. Analysis
Number = 1234
Take the remainder of the above number after dividing by 10
Eg 1234 / 10 gives remainder 4
1234 % 10 = 4
Remove last digit
1234/10 = 123.4
123 (Truncation due to Integer Division)
123 %10 gives 3
123/10 = 12.3
12 (Truncation due to Integer Division)
12 % 10 gives remainder 2
12/10 = 1.2
1 (Truncation due to Integer Division)
Final digit remains

10. Code #include <iostream.h> main ( ) { int number; int digit;
cout << “Please enter a 4 digit integer : ”;
cin >> number;
digit = number %10;
cout <<“The digit is: “ << digit << ‘\n’; // first digit; and then << ‘\n’
number = number / 10;
digit = number % 10;
cout <<“The digit is: “ << digit << ‘\n’;
cout <<“The digit is: “ << digit; }
write a program that takes radius of a circle from the user and calculates the diameter,
ircumference and area of the circle and display the resul